肉桂酸和4-香豆酸对核桃硬壳发育及生理特征的影响  

Effects of cinnamic acid and 4-coumaric acid on shell development and physiological characteristics in walnut

作　　者：王新汇 郭众仲 鱼尚奇 李义霞 张建良 张锐[1] 金强[1] WANG Xinhui;GUO Zhongzhong;YU Shangqi;LI Yixia;ZHANG Jianliang;ZHANG Rui;JIN Qiang(National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang/College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Division Three Service Center of Mass of Agricultural Development,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室·塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第一师阿拉尔市三团农业发展服务中心,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第12期2486-2497,共12页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160689);南疆重点产业创新发展支撑计划(2022DB022);“天山英才”培养计划(2022TSYC-CX0120);兵团民生实事“提升农业科技水平”项目(1120063);塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202328)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究外源物质(肉桂酸,4-香豆酸)对核桃内果皮发育的影响。【方法】以新露核桃为试材,于核桃硬化期分别用不同浓度的肉桂酸和4-香豆酸喷施,探究不同浓度肉桂酸和4-香豆酸对木质素沉积、核桃硬壳组成成分(木质素、纤维素、半纤维素)含量、代谢酶活性以及在核桃硬化过程中总酚和总糖含量的影响。【结果】与对照相比,低浓度肉桂酸、4-香豆酸处理和高浓度肉桂酸、4-香豆酸处理后内果皮木质素的积累存在显著差异,在处理后期,核桃内果皮部分硬化,仍存在内果皮缺失或不完整现象。随时间延长,肉桂酸和4-香豆酸处理后核桃内果皮中木质素、纤维素和半纤维素含量整体呈上升趋势,最高分别可达69.69%、39.08%和29.16%;肉桂酸和4-香豆酸处理下PAL酶活性呈下降趋势,且在一定浓度4-香豆素处理下PAL酶活性最高,较CK提高447.25 U·g^(-1);低浓度4-香豆酸提升CAD酶活性,高浓度4-香豆酸会抑制CAD酶活性,一定浓度肉桂酸处理提高CAD酶活性,最高比CK增长1.21倍;一定浓度肉桂酸、4-香豆酸处理可以降低POD活性,最高较CK分别降低32.46%和63.10%。一定浓度下4-香豆酸和肉桂酸可以抑制C4H酶活性的下降。【结论】50~150 mg·L^(-1)肉桂酸和50~150 mg·L^(-1)4-香豆酸促进核桃内果皮木质素的积累,200 mg·L^(-1)4-香豆酸抑制木质素的合成。【Objective】The germplasm resources of walnut in China are abundant.Walnut varieties with different hard shell thickness,such as thick shell,thin shell,paper shell and exposed-kernel shell,are available in Xinjiang,which provides a good material basis for the study on walnut shell.The thick-ness of walnut shell is largely affected by the amount of lignin deposited.Cinnamic acid and 4-coumar-ic acid are products of the lignin metabolic pathway.Therefore,in this paper the effects of different con-centrations of cinnamic acid and 4-coumaric acid applied to the Xinlu walnut sample was studied on the development of Endcoarp(hard shell).Through the study on the development of inner pericarp(hard shell)of Xinlu walnut,a unique variety in Xinjiang,the mechanism of kernel exposure and the mecha-nism of thin shell in Xinjiang were discussed.【Methods】In Wensu County Experimental Forest Farm of Aksu,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,the inner peel of Xinlu walnut was used as the test mate-rial,which was collected from over 15 years old trees at a spacing of 5 m×6 m,with vigorous growth,without pests and diseases,and with consistent water and fertilizer management.In the hardening stage of walnut shell,the walnut tree canopy was sprayed with different concentrations of cinnamic acid and 4-coumadic acid,respectively.The effects of cinnamic acid and 4-coumaric acid on lignin deposition,components of walnut shell(lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose),metabolic enzyme activity(PAL,CAD,C4H and POD)and total phenol and sugar contents during the hardening process of walnut shell were investigated.【Results】Compared with the control,there was a significant difference in the accu-mulation of lignin in walnut endocarp after treatment with both low and high concentrations of cinnam-ic acid and 4-coumaric acid.At the later stage of treatment,the endocarp was partially hardened,and there was still a phenomenon of endocarp missing or incompleteness with time.The contents of lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose generally increased wit

关 键 词：核桃 内果皮 外源物质 木质素 酶 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]