不同温度条件下两种贮藏方式对阳桃花粉活力的影响  

Effects of two storage methods on pollen viability of Carambola(Aver-rhoa carambola L.)under different temperature conditions

作　　者：朱杨帆 欧景莉[1] 刘映 黄雪梅 陈燕[1] 何江[1] 陈豪军[1] 黄显雅[1] 莫德原 荣涛 ZHU Yangfan;OU Jingli;LIU Ying;HUANG Xuemei;CHEN Yan;HE Jiang;CHEN Haojun;HUANG Xianya;MO Deyuan;RONG Tao(Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruits,Nanning 530001,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所·广西亚热带特色水果质量安全控制重点实验室,南宁530001

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第12期2512-2517,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：广西农业科学院院发展基金项目(桂农科2024ZX02);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT146)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究阳桃花粉保存的适宜方法,为阳桃的花粉贮藏和阳桃杂交育种奠定基础。【方法】以阳桃品种夏威夷的花粉为试验材料,分别对花粉进行真空处理和硅胶干燥后置于不同温度条件下(25℃、4℃、-20℃和-40℃),利用花粉离体萌发培养法,连续测定阳桃花粉不同保存时间(0、1、3、7、10、15、30、90d)后的花粉萌发率和花粉管长度,比较不同贮藏方式对阳桃花粉活力的影响。【结果】在25℃条件下,真空处理后的阳桃花粉在第10天的萌发率为0;在4℃条件下,真空处理后的阳桃花粉在第15天的萌发率约为20%,然后萌发率快速降低;在-20℃条件下,真空处理后的花粉保存90d时萌发率为24.13%,花粉管长度为231.99μm;在-40℃条件下,真空处理后的花粉保存90d时萌发率为56.33%,花粉管长度为246.76μm;硅胶干燥处理后的阳桃花粉在各温度条件下保存3d花粉萌发率皆为0。【结论】真空和低温均能有效延长阳桃花粉的贮藏期,在-20℃和-40℃条件下,真空处理能有效保存阳桃花粉长达90d。【Objective】During crossbreeding,there are problems of asynchronous flowering and long-distance hybridization.Pollen storage,which keeps its viability for a period of time,helps to overcome the temporal and spatial barriers and enables free parental selection,contributing a lot to success in crossbreeding.Studies have shown that besides pollen genetic factors,pollen viability is also deter-mined by external factors including low temperature,low relative humidity and low pressure.Vacuum conditions can help to extend the pollen storage time.Although there have been many studies probing into plant pollen storage,not much attention have been paid upon the storage of pollen of carambola,which is a minor fruit crop produced in southern China.There have been some studies related to nutri-ent composition,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observation and in vitro germination of carambo-la pollen.In this study,carambola pollen preservation methods were investigated for storage of caram-bola pollen for crossbreeding.【Methods】“Hawaii”carambola,introduced from Hawaii,has light yel-low flesh,sweet flavor,less pomace,ample juice and excellent quality.A previous study found that fresh“Hawaii”pollen had high viability and resistance and could be a good pollen parent for cross-breeding.This study used“Hawaiian”carambola as the experimental material.Well-developed flowers were collected in the morning,and their anthers were taken and wrapped with sulphate paper.For dry-ing treatment,the pollen grains were put into 50 mL frozen storage tube and filled with silica gel desic-cant.For vacuum treatment,pollen grains were packed in a bag and vacuumed with a vacuuming ma-chine(MeGIS MS1160).Pollen grains without drying and vacuum treatment were used as the control(CK).The dried,vacuumed and control samples were stored in incubators at 25℃or in refrigerators at 4℃,-20℃or-40℃.Pollen germination rate and pollen tube length were measured at 0,3,7,15,30 and 90 d of storage.【Results】In the drying treatment and cont

关 键 词：阳桃 花粉 活力 贮藏 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]