刺葡萄新品种湘刺2号的选育  

Breeding report of a new Vitis davidii cultivar Xiangci No.2

作　　者：张春阳 罗飞雄 谭君[1,2] 王美军 李双江[1,2] 杨国顺 白描 陈文婷[1,2] ZHANG Chunyang;LUO Feixiong;TAN Jun;WANG Meijun;LI Shuangjiang;YANG Guo shun;BAI Miao;CHEN Wenting(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Hunan Zhongfang Grape Science and Tech-nology Backyard,Huaihua 418000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南中方葡萄科技小院,湖南怀化418000

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第12期2648-2653,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200200);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-29-Zp-9)。

摘　　要：湘刺2号是从怀化市中方县桐木镇通过实生选种得到的一个中熟刺葡萄新品种。果穗多呈圆柱形,果粒着生较松散,大多无副穗;果粉中等厚,果皮厚,成熟果实为黄绿色;平均果穗质量136g,平均单粒质量2.2g,果形指数1.1(纵径/横径),每粒果实中含种子2~3粒,种子颜色褐色。平均可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)18.5%,平均可滴定酸含量0.20%。在湖南地区果实发育期105d左右,4月初萌芽,5月上旬开花,8月下旬果实成熟。适应高温多湿气候,抗旱能力强。对葡萄常见病虫害均表现出良好的抗性,但不抗霜霉病,且不耐受根瘤蚜侵害。在种植区域方面,具有广泛的适应性,适合在湖南、江西、云南、广西等多个省份的葡萄主产区推广种植。Xiangci No.2,a new mid-maturing cultivar of Vitis davidii,was selected through seedling se-lection in Tongmu town,Zhongfang county,Huaihua City,China.Belonging to the East Asian species of V.davidii,Xiangci No.2 exhibits bisexual flowers.Thorns are present on the canes and petioles,while young leaves are bright red-brown with sparse short hairs only along the veins on the abaxial sur-face,devoid of hairs between veins.The first inflorescence emerges at the 3rd to 5th node,predominant-ly at the 4th node,with 1 to 3 inflorescences per cane,mostly 2.Flowering occurs from late April to ear-ly May.Mature leaves are wedge-shaped with three lobes,exhibiting a green color,small size and medi-um thickness,with convex serrations on both sides of the margin.Winter vines are yellow-brown,with an oval cross-section and moderately dense,fine thorns.Grape clusters are predominantly cylindrical,moderately compact,and mostly without secondary clusters,averaging 136 g per cluster and 19.1 cm in length.Berries are round,with easily separable skin and flesh that adheres to the seeds,enclosing a fleshy sac.The berry shape index is 1.1,with an average berry weight of 2.2 g.Fruit powder is moder-ately thick,and the skin is thick.Berries start as green,and gradually fade to greenish-pink at maturity.Seeds are brown,lacking external transverse grooves,but displaying a distinct seed hilum.The soluble solids content is 18.5%,and the titratable acidity is 0.20%.In Hunan,Xiangci No.2 initiates budbreak in early April,enters initial flowering in early May,the berry softens in early August,and matures in late August.The period from budbreak to maturity spans approximately 145 days,with berry setting to matu-rity taking roughly 105 days,classifying as a mid-season variety.It exhibits strong yield stability and pro-ductivity,with initial fruiting occurring in the second year after planting,yielding 2250-3000 kg·hm^(-2),and an average yield of 6000-9000 kg·hm^(-2) in the third year.Fruiting canes emerge from the 2nd to 10th node of the fruiting

关 键 词：刺葡萄 新品种 湘刺2号 抗性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]