微生物脱氮与希瓦氏菌异化硝酸盐还原途径抉择机制  

Microbial nitrogen removal and the molecular mechanisms underlying modulation and switching of dissimilatory nitrate reduction pathways in Shewanella strains

作　　者：刘亚琦 魏贺红 戴景程 刘双元 邱东茹[1] LIU Yaqi;WEI Hehong;DAI Jingcheng;LIU Shuangyuan;QIU Dongru(Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei,China;School of Life Science and Technology,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,Hubei,China;Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center,Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment Administration,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]河北工程大学能源与环境工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [4]武汉轻工大学生命科学与技术学院,湖北武汉430023 [5]生态环境部珠江流域南海海域生态环境监督管理局,生态环境监测与科学研究中心,广东广州510000

出　　处：《微生物学报》2024年第12期4656-4668,共13页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91751106);中国科学院中国-斯里兰卡水技术研究与示范联合中心项目(Y72Z261)。

摘　　要：工业固氮和化学氮肥的广泛使用极大地提升了作物产量、缓解了粮食危机,然而所造成的氮污染问题严重影响人类健康和生存环境。氮污染的净化主要依赖于微生物驱动的氮循环,近30多年来,先后发现了厌氧氨氧化、完全氨氧化和直接氨氧化等无机氮代谢新途径。希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)是目前已知的所有细菌中呼吸系统最丰富的微生物类群之一,且广泛分布于自然生境中,在微生物燃料电池和环境生物修复方面均具有潜在应用价值。本文从希瓦氏菌的硝酸盐还原酶系统、第二信使环状腺苷酸(cyclic AMP, cAMP)受体蛋白(cAMP receptor protein, Crp)的调控以及硝酸盐还原途径的调控和抉择机制等方面出发阐述希瓦氏菌中反硝化脱氮(denitrification)和硝酸盐异化还原成铵(dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, DNRA)的分子调控机制,旨在为理解水圈微生物驱动的氮循环机制和研发环境保护新工艺提供参考。Although the large scale of industrial nitrogen fixation and chemical nitrogen fertilizer application have increased crop yields and alleviated food crisis,the excess discharge of nitrogen nutrients have affected the environment and human health.The treatment of nitrogen contamination is largely dependent on the nitrogen cycle driven by microorganisms.In the last three decades,researchers have discovered the inorganic nitrogen metabolism pathways such as anaerobic ammonia oxidation(Anammox),complete ammonia oxidation(Comammox),and direct ammonia oxidation(Dirammox).Shewanella,a genus of known bacteria with abundant respiration pathways,are ubiquitous in natural habitats and have potential applications in both microbial fuel cells and environmental bioremediation.In this review,we described the modulation mechanisms of denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium pathways in Shewanella from the nitrate reductase systems,regulation of the cyclic AMP(cAMP)receptor proteins(Crp),and modulation and switching of nitrate reduction pathways,aiming to give insights into the microbial-driven nitrogen cycling mechanism in the hydrosphere and the development of novel biotechniques and bioreactors for the removal and mitigation of nitrogen pollution.

关 键 词：微生物脱氮 希瓦氏菌 环状腺苷酸受体蛋白(Crp) 反硝化脱氮 硝酸盐异化还原成铵(DNRA) 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172