江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落的时间动态变化  

Temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain

作　　者：田家林 楚栋良 张皓鸿 宁康 TIAN Jialin;CHU Dongliang;ZHANG Haohong;NING Kang(Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education,Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging,Center of Artificial Intelligence Biology,Department of Bioinformatics and System Biology,College of Life Science and Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学生命科学与技术学院,分子生物物理教育部重点实验室,生物信息与分子成像湖北省重点实验室,人工智能生物学研究中心,生物信息与系统生物学系,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《微生物学报》2024年第12期4936-4951,共16页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32071465,31871334);国家重点研发计划(2023YFA1800900,2018YFC0910502)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落在旱季和雨季之间的动态变化,探究产生时间动态差异的原因。【方法】于江汉平原人口稠密区的地表水、地下水采集水样,利用宏基因组测序技术,分析地表水和地下水细菌群落在环境条件、群落结构、群落构建过程的季节间变化差异。【结果】地表水的盐度(P<0.01)、电导率(P<0.01)在雨季显著低于旱季,地下水的浊度(P<0.05)在雨季显著高于旱季,反之则季节间差异不显著。地表水群落Shannon多样性指数在雨季显著高于旱季(P<0.01),地下水群落差异不显著;主坐标分析(principle coordinates analysis,PCoA)和置换多元方差分析(P=0.001)表明,不同季节间,地表水和地下水的细菌群落间差异显著。Mantel test相关性分析表明,旱季地下水群落与环境因素的相关性不显著,其余群落均与至少一种环境因素显著相关。中性群落模型(neutral community model,NCM)、修正随机性比率(modified stochasticity ratio,MST)与β最近分类单元指数(βnearest taxon index,βNTI)均表明,地表水群落在雨季受到随机性过程的影响明显高于旱季,地下水存在相似但不明显的趋势;地表水的迁移率在雨季高于旱季,而地下水的变化趋势相反。地表水群落中,季节间抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)多样性变化值与MST值负相关(ρ=−0.164,P=4.942E−2);地下水群落则呈现正相关关系(ρ=0.393,P=1.452E−6)。【结论】江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落的时间动态变化存在差异。地表水和地下水基本性质的差异、雨季频繁的环境扰动,以及地表水、地下水之间的水体交换过程可能是导致上述差异的原因。[Objective]To reveal the dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain across seasons and explore the underlying factors causing the temporal variations.[Methods]Water samples were collected from both surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain,and metagenomic sequencing was employed to investigate the seasonal variations of bacterial communities.The variations in environmental factors,bacterial community structure,and bacterial community assembly processes in the surface water and groundwater were compared considering rainy and dry seasons.[Results]For the surface water,the salinity(P<0.01)and conductivity(P<0.01)during the rainy season were lower than those during the dry season,while no significant seasonal variation was observed in turbidity.For the groundwater,the turbidity was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season(P<0.05),while neither salinity nor conductivity showcased seasonal variations.The Shannon index of bacteria in the surface water in the rainy season was higher than that in the dry season(P<0.01),whereas that in the groundwater presented no significant seasonal difference.The principal coordinates analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance(P=0.001)revealed significant seasonal variations in bacterial communities between surface water and groundwater.The Mantel test showed no significant correlations between the bacterial community in the groundwater and environmental factors during the dry season,while other communities were significantly correlated with at least one environmental factor.The neutral community model,modified stochasticity ratio(MST),andβnearest taxon index all indicated that stochastic processes exerted stronger effects on the bacterial community in the surface water during the rainy season than during the dry season,and the trend was similar but not significant for the bacterial community in the groundwater.The migration rate of surface wate

关 键 词：微生物群落 地表水 地下水 宏基因组 抗生素抗性基因 江汉平原 

分 类 号：Q938.8[生物学—微生物学]