基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术分析马钱子不同炮制品的化学成分  

Analysis of chemical constituents of different processed products of Strychni Semen based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique

作　　者：张娴 郑海连 张娜 徐城 卢美琪 孟令邦 于欢[1] ZHANG Xian;ZHENG Hai-lian;ZHANG Na;XU Cheng;LU Mei-qi;MENG Ling-bang;YU Huan(School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学药学院,江西南昌330004

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第22期6138-6148,共11页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ170752);2023年全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目(国中医药人教函[2023]96号);国家中医药管理局第二届全国名中医(龚千锋)传承工作室项目(国中医药办人教函[2022]245号)。

摘　　要：基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)技术,对5种马钱子炮制品(生马钱子、砂烫马钱子、油炸马钱子、尿泡马钱子、醋制马钱子)的成分进行快速分析及鉴定。利用PeakView软件提取化合物信息,根据化合物的保留时间、准确分子离子峰和二级质谱信息,并结合对照品及相关文献,共鉴定出50个化学成分,生马钱子41个成分,砂烫马钱子48个成分,油炸马钱子43个成分,尿泡马钱子41个成分,醋制马钱子40个成分。在此基础上,结合主成分分析(PCA)及正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA),以变量重要性投影(VIP)值>1且t检验中P<0.05为原则,找出不同炮制品之间的差异性成分。PCA表明5种马钱子炮制品差异明显,能良好聚类分离,OPLS-DA筛选得到马钱子碱、士的宁、番木鳖苷酸、绿原酸等13个差异成分。结果显示,马钱子中主要含有生物碱类、有机酸类及苷类成分,马钱子不同炮制品的成分具有明显差异,其中马钱子碱和士的宁等有效成分在炮制后含量降低,以醋制最为明显。综上,该研究全面比较不同炮制方法对马钱子化学成分的影响,探讨马钱子不同炮制品物质基础的差异性,为阐明马钱子炮制的科学内涵提供数据支撑。This study utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)to rapidly analyze and identify the chemical constituents in five processed products of Strychni Semen(raw,sand-roasted,fried,urine-soaked,and vinegar-processed products).Using PeakView software to extract compound information,50 chemical components were identified based on retention time,accurate molecular ion peaks,secondary mass spectrometry data,and comparison with reference standards and relevant literature.Specifically,41 components were identified in raw Strychni Semen,48 in sand-roasted,43 in fried,41 in urine-soaked,and 40 in vinegar-processed products.Principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were employed to identify differential components among the processed products,with variable importance in projection(VIP)values>1 and a t-test with P<0.05 as criteria.PCA revealed significant differences among the five processed products,demonstrating good clustering and separation.OPLS-DA identified 13 differential components,including brucine,strychnine,loganic acid,and chlorogenic acid.The results indicated that S.nux-vomica primarily contained alkaloids,organic acids,and glycosides,with significant compositional differences among the various processed products.Notably,the content of key components such as brucine and strychnine decreased after processing,with the most significant reduction observed in vinegar-processed Strychni Semen.In conclusion,this study provides a comprehensive comparison of the effects of different processing methods on the chemical composition of Strychni Semen,exploring the differences in the material basis of the processed products and offering data to support the scientific rationale behind the processing of Strychni Semen.

关 键 词：马钱子 炮制 化学成分 超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱法(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) 多元统计分析 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]