《远航》中的海洋:帝国的殖民通道还是女性的避难所?  

Sea in The Voyage Out:Empire’s Colonial Route or Women’s Shelter?

作　　者：车雷 Che Lei(Beijing Foreign Studies University;School of Foreign Studies,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学 [2]长安大学外语学院

出　　处：《外国语文研究》2024年第5期38-48,共11页Foreign Language and Literature Research

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“二十世纪以来西方文学批评界的后批判转向研究”(22BWW005);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(人文社科类)一般项目《伍尔夫短篇小说研究》(项目编号:300102138644)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在《远航》中,海洋既表征帝国殖民话语,同时也为女性逃避父权压迫提供了想象空间。虽然这两种表征看似矛盾,实则暗含着深层的因果关系。在达洛卫先生等殖民者眼中,海洋不仅是连接帝国和南美隐形殖民地的贸易通道,更是西方地缘政治力量相互较量的重要场域;海洋不仅关涉英国的民族身份,也是英国人的果腹之源和猎奇之地。但不同于殖民者的海洋视角,故事主人公雷切尔对海洋的去政治化凝视和想象解构了殖民话语与海洋的天然联系,恢复了海洋的自然属性。伍尔夫以雷切尔的死亡作为叙事结尾不仅批判了帝国海洋话语中隐含的暴力、剥削与侵略属性,还揭示了帝国话语和父权话语的同构性。伍尔夫通过其女性主义立场解构了帝国海洋神话,将海洋建构为女性躲避父权压迫的想象空间。然而,这种想象空间的乌托邦性质也反映了女性在帝国父权社会中的艰难处境。In The Voyage Out,the sea is both deeply implicated in the imperial discourse and is served as an imaginative space for women to escape patriarchal oppression.Although these two representations seem contradictory,they actually imply a deeper causal relationship.For colonists like Mr.Dalloway,the sea is not only a trade route connecting the empire to the invisible colonies in South America but also a crucial arena for geopolitical power struggles.The sea is closely related to British national identity and serves as a site of resources and curiosity.Different from those colonists,the novel’s protagonist Rachel’s depoliticized gaze upon and imagination of the sea deconstructs the natural link constructed between the sea and the colonial discourse and restores the natural attributes of the sea.Through the emplotment of Rachel’s death,Woolf not only critiques the violence,exploitation,and aggression inherent in the imperial sea discourse but also reveals the homology between imperial and patriarchal ideologies.Through her feminist stance,Woolf deconstructs the imperial sea myth,and constructs the sea as an imaginative space for women to escape patriarchal oppression.However,the utopian nature of this imagined space also reflects the plight of women within an imperial patriarchal society.

关 键 词：伍尔夫 《远航》 海洋 帝国 性别 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]