1984—2021年黄河口及邻近海域悬浮物锋面变化特征及影响因素研究  

Characteristics of Suspended Sediment Fronts and Their Regulatory Mechanisms Around the Yellow River Estuary Areas from 1984 to 2021

作　　者：郝祚千 陈民强 赵盖博 任兆鹏 江文胜[3] 王涛 胡连波[5] 边昌伟 Hao Zuoqian;Chen Minqiang;Zhao Gaibo;Ren Zhaopeng;Jiang Wensheng;Wang Tao;Hu Lianbo;Bian Changwei(Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography.Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;School of Marine Sciences,Sun Yat-Sen University,Zhuhai 528478,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Meteorological Bureau,Qingdao 266003,China;Faculty of Information Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中山大学海洋科学学院,广东珠海528478 [3]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [4]青岛市气象局,山东青岛266003 [5]中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学部,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2025年第1期25-38,共14页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MD056);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42076006)资助。

摘　　要：本研究利用Landsat卫星遥感数据提取了1984—2021年黄河口及其邻近海域的悬浮物锋面(Suspended sediment fronts,SSF),并分析了SSF位置的季节和年代际变化特征。结果表明,SSF的位置存在显著的季节变化,冬季距河口最远而夏季距河口最近,平均距离分别为45.6与24.2 km。通过黄河口海域表层悬浮物浓度的年代际变化推测SSF在1984—2021年向河口方向收缩了大约25.6%。黄河口附近气象站的风速分析结果表明,风速在近40年的减小是SSF向河口收缩的主要原因;黄河入海水沙虽然也存在显著下降的趋势,但对黄河口SSF年代际变化的直接影响很小。The suspended sediment front(SSF)around the Yellow River estuary is the boundary of high turbidity water from the Yellow River and the clear water from the sea.Its characteristics and long-term changes have important impacts on the topography and ecological environment of the estuary and adjacent areas.In recent decades,influenced by climate change and human activities,the runoff and sediment discharge of the Yellow River,the hydrological and meteorological environments around the Yellow River estuary have undergone significant changes.The response of SSF to these changes is not yet clear.We used Landsat satellite remote sensing data to extract the SSF of the Yellow River estuary from 1984 to 2021,and analyzed the seasonal and interannual variations of the SSF location.The results show that there is a significant seasonal variation in the SSF location due to differences in wind speed,with the farthest distance from the estuary in winter and the closest in summer,with an average distance of 45.6 km versus 24.2 km respectively.Based on the suspended sediment concentration(SSC)interdecadal variation results in the Yellow River estuary,it is speculated that SSF contracted by approximately 25.6%towards the estuary from 1984 to 2021.The observed Yellow River wind speed analysis indicate that the decrease in wind speed in the past 40 years is the main reason for the contraction of SSF.Although there is a significant downward trend in the river runoff and sediment discharge from the Yellow River,its direct impact on the interdecadal variation of SSF in the Yellow River estuary is minimal.

关 键 词：悬浮物锋面 Landsat卫星 黄河口 年代际变化 悬浮物浓度 

分 类 号：P736.2[天文地球—海洋地质]