海州湾小眼绿鳍鱼微塑料污染特征及潜在风险评估  

Characterization of Microplastics in Chelidonichthys spinosus Inhabiting Haizhou Bay and Their Risk Assessment

作　　者：王驰 薛莹[1,2] 纪毓鹏 徐宾铎[1,2] 张崇良 吴蒙蒙[3] Wang Chi;Xue Ying;Ji Yupeng;Xu Binduo;Zhang Chongliang;Wu Mengmeng(Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Field Observation and Research Station of Haizhou Bay Fishery Ecosystem of Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute,Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]海州湾渔业生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,山东青岛266003 [3]山东省淡水渔业研究院,山东济南250013

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2025年第1期85-94,共10页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023MD096);国家自然科学基金项目(31772852)资助。

摘　　要：随着海洋污染的日益加剧,微塑料的危害逐渐被人们关注,其不仅可以随洋流运动,还可以沿着食物链在生态系统中进行传递和累积。为探究海州湾渔业生物的微塑料污染特征,并对聚合物潜在风险进行评估,本研究对海州湾海域小眼绿鳍鱼(Chelidonichthys spinosus)体内的微塑料污染特征进行分析,并对其潜在风险进行了评估。研究显示,小眼绿鳍鱼的鳃部和胃肠道普遍存在微塑料,小眼绿鳍鱼体内微塑料平均丰度为(1.98±2.02)个/个体。微塑料尺寸主要集中在500μm以内,颜色以黑色为主,绝大多数为纤维状。在小眼绿鳍鱼鳃部和胃肠道共检测出8种聚合物类型,以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为主。相关性分析表明,小眼绿鳍鱼胃肠道内的微塑料丰度与全长呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),而鳃部微塑料丰度、总微塑料丰度与小眼绿鳍鱼全长、体质量、胃肠质量均无显著相关关系(P>0.05)。利用聚合物危害指数(PHI)进行风险评估表明,海州湾小眼绿鳍鱼聚合物危害总体上处于中低风险水平。As the marine pollution worsen continuously,there are growing concerns on the hazards of microplastics.These tiny plastic particles drift with ocean currents and accumulate in and transfer through the food chain of ecosystems.In order to characterize the microplastics in the marine environment of Haizhou Bay and evaluate their risk,in this study,we analyzed the microplastic pollution in the body of Spiny red gurnard(Chelidonichthys spinosus)inhabiting Haizhou Bay.The results revealed that the microplastics presented widely in the gills and gastrointestinal tracts of C.spinosus with an average abundance of(1.98±2.02)items per individual.The majority of microplastics were smaller than 500μm,predominantly black and predominantly fibrous in shape.Eight types of polymers were identified with polyethylene terephthalate(PET)and polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)as the most prominent.Correlation analysis indicated that the correlation between microplastic abundance in the gastrointestinal tract and the total length of the small-spotted catfish is negatively significant(P<0.05).However,no significant correlation was found among microplastic abundance in gills,total microplastic abundance,total length,weight,gastrointestinal weight of the small-spotted catfish.The assessment of risk using the Polymer Hazard Index(PHI)revealed that the overall polymer hazard level in C.spinosus of Haizhou Bay is medium-low.

关 键 词：微塑料 小眼绿鳍鱼 海州湾 海洋污染 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S931.3[农业科学—渔业资源]