新疆东部平原区地下水无机污染物空间分布、源解析及健康风险评价  

Spatial Distribution,Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Inorganic Pollutant in Groundwater in Eastern Plain of Xinjiang

作　　者：丁启振 周殷竹 周金龙[1,2,3] 曾妍妍 孙英[1,2,3] 韩双宝 刘江涛 Ding Qizhen;Zhou Yinzhu;Zhou Jinlong;Zeng Yanyan;Sun Ying;Han Shuangbao;Liu Jiangtao(College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention,Urumqi 830052,China;Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300304,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [4]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,天津300304

出　　处：《地球科学》2024年第11期4008-4021,共14页Earth Science

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项“第三次新疆综合科学考察”项目“吐哈盆地水资源调查和承载力评估”(No.2021xjkk1000).

摘　　要：地下水是新疆东部平原区主要的、甚至唯一的饮用水源,地下水中无机组分的污染情况及其对人体健康的负面影响尚不明晰.对该区域183组地下水样品中常见无机组分浓度进行测定,运用GIS技术揭示污染物空间分布特征,以正定矩阵分解模型(PMF)进行源解析,基于USEPA健康风险评价模型的蒙特卡洛模拟(MCS)和PMF耦合量化潜在来源的健康风险.新疆东部平原区地下水水质主要受SO_(4)^(2-)和Cl^(-)的影响,分别有30.60%和17.49%的地下水超过国家生活饮用水标准限值(250 mg·L^(‒1)),高值点集中位于巴里坤县三塘湖镇、高昌区东南部和鄯善县东部.PMF解析出溶滤‒蒸发浓缩作用、含水层岩性、农业活动、生物地球化学作用、氧化还原环境和地质环境背景6个地下水无机组分的潜在来源,贡献率分别为82.43%、7.64%、6.87%、1.96%、0.80%和0.30%.健康风险评价结果表明:Cl^(-)是危害人体健康的主要无机污染物,成人和儿童的非致癌风险可忽略不计,溶滤‒蒸发浓缩作用对区内成人和儿童非致癌风险的贡献率均>95.00%,考虑饮用水安全,应选择Cl^(-)地下水高值区为主要污染管理区.Groundwater is the main or even the only source of drinking water in the eastern plain of Xinjiang.The pollution status of inorganic components in groundwater and their negative effects on human health are still unclear.The concentrations of common inorganic components in 183 groundwater samples were determined,and the spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants were revealed by GIS technology,positive matrix factorization(PMF)model was used for source apportionment,and the health risks of potential sources were quantified by coupling Monte Carlo simulation(MCS)and PMF based on USEPA health risk assessment model.The groundwater quality in the eastern plain of Xinjiang was mainly affected by SO_(4)^(2-)and Cl^(-),and 30.60%and 17.49%of the groundwater exceeded the limit of national drinking water standard(250 mg·L^(-1)),respectively,the high value points are concentrated in Santanghu Town of Balikun County,the southeast of Gaochang District and the east of Shanshan County.PMF analyzed six potential sources of inorganic components in groundwater,including leaching and evaporation concentration,aquifer lithology,agricultural activity,biogeochemical process,redox environment and geological environment background,the contribution rates were 82.43%,7.64%,6.87%,1.96%,0.80%and 0.30%respectively.The results of health risk assessment show that Cl^(-)was the main inorganic pollutant harmful to human health,and the non-carcinogenic risk of adults and children could be neglected.The contribution rate of leaching and evaporation concentration to the non-carcinogenic risk of adults and children were more than 95.00%.Considering the safety of drinking water,the high value area of Cl^(-)should be selected as the main pollution management area.

关 键 词：地下水 无机污染物 空间分布 蒙特卡洛 源解析 健康风险评价 新疆东部平原区 水文地质 环境地质. 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]