中国数据资本存量测算:基于上市公司数据  

Measurement of China’s data capital stock:Based on data from listed companies

作　　者：王宏伟[1,2] 董康 李平[1,2] WANG Hongwei;DONG Kang;LI Ping(University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102401,China;Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102445,China;Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学商学院,北京102401 [2]中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所,北京102445 [3]四川省社会科学院经济研究所,四川成都610072

出　　处：《中国软科学》2024年第11期113-123,共11页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项项目“面向2040消费需求的重点领域工程科技发展方向研究”(L222400054)。

摘　　要：数据要素在经济生活中发挥着日益重要的作用,但如何衡量数据资产投资以及测算数据资本存量的相关研究还比较薄弱。运用我国沪深市场所有上市公司数据,根据数据资本特点对永续盘存法的重要参数进行调整,并采用几何、双曲线、直线年龄—效率函数,结合不同的退出模式估算2010—2020年我国各行业及总体的数据资本存量。研究发现:第一,几何路径下我国数据资本存量从2010年的0.95万亿元增长到2020年的6.11万亿元,年均增长率为20.46%,而在3种路径下数据资本存量数值存在一定差异,但始终保持较快上升趋势且变化趋势基本相同。从内部结构看,信息传输、计算机服务和软件业与制造业两个行业中数据资本存量高于其他行业;第二,国家出台支持数据要素发展的重大政策对我国数据资本存量增加具有明显的促进作用;第三,与发达国家相比,我国数据资本存量基础比较薄弱,但上升速度较快。Data factor play an increasingly important role in economic life,but the relevant research on how to measure data asset investment and measure data capital stock is still relatively weak.This paper uses the data of all listed companies in China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen markets,adjusts the important parameters of the perpetual inventory method according to the characteristics of data capital,and uses geometric,hyperbolic,linear age efficiency functions,combined with different exit modes,to estimate the data capital stock of various industries and the overall in China from 2010 to 2020.Research findings:first,under the geometric path,China’s data capital stock increased from 0.95trillion yuan in 2010 to 6.11trillion yuan in 2020,with an average annual growth rate of 20.46%.There are some differences in the data capital stock values under the three paths,but they always maintain a rapid upward trend and the change trend is the same.From the perspective of internal structure,the data capital stock of information transmission,computer services,software industry and manufacturing industry is higher than that of other industries;Second,the introduction of major policies to support the development of data factor has significantly promoted the increase of China’s data capital stock;Third,compared with developed countries,China’s data capital stock foundation is relatively weak,but the growth rate is faster.

关 键 词：数据资产投资 永续盘存法 年龄—效率函数 数据资本存量 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]