华蓥山中段废弃煤矿环境综合调查及土壤重金属污染风险评估  

Comprehensive Environmental Investigation and Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution of Abandoned Coal Mine in the Middle Section of Huaying Mountain

作　　者：张娜 白波 兰木羚 黄容[3] ZHANG Na;BAI Bo;LAN Muling;HUANG Rong(Guang′an Environmental Emergency and Accident Investigation Center,Guang′an 638500,China;Guang′an Ecological Environment Monitoring Center in Sichuan Province,Guang′an 638500,China;Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]广安市环境应急与事故调查中心,四川广安638500 [2]四川省广安生态环境监测中心站,四川广安638500 [3]四川农业大学,四川成都610000

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2024年第6期86-89,96,共5页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0100)。

摘　　要：为摸清华蓥山中段废弃煤矿环境整体情况及周边农田土壤重金属污染状况,本研究采用潜在危害生态风险法,对华蓥山中段5个典型废弃煤矿周边农田土壤重金属污染进行了综合评估,并对矿井地表水、地下水、固体废物环境质量进行了调查分析。结果表明:TC、FCW、LC、JZW、SCH等5个废弃煤矿固体废物整体环境风险较小,水环境质量受到煤矿开采活动的影响,以硫酸盐、铁、锰污染为主;5个废弃煤矿周边农田土壤Cr、Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Ni、Cu含量整体稳定,SCH煤矿个别点位Cd超《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(GB 15618—2018)》风险管制值2.39倍,说明SCH煤矿周边农田局部受到煤矿开采活动影响较大;潜在危害生态风险法评估表明TC煤矿、SCH煤矿周边农用地土壤重金属综合潜在生态风险指数达2级水平,属中等危害,其余3个废弃煤矿周边农用地土壤重金属综合潜在生态风险指数为1级水平,属低等危害,TC煤矿主要受Hg污染,SCH煤矿主要受Cd污染,说明华蓥山中段废弃煤矿周边农用地土壤环境质量受到矿产开采活动的影响,主要是Hg、Cd污染。In order to investigate the overall environmental situation of abandoned coal mines and the heavy metal pollution status of surrounding farmland soil in the middle section of Huaying Mountain,a comprehensive assessment of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil around five typical small abandoned coal mines was conducted using thepotential ecological risk method,the environmental quality of surface water,groundwater,and solid waste in the mines was also investigated and analyzed.The results showed that the overall environmental risk of solid waste in five abandoned coal mines,including TC,FCW,LC,JZW,and SCH,was relatively low,and the water environmental quality was mainly affected by coal mining activities,with sulfate,iron,and manganese pollution as the main pollutants;the overall content of Cr,Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Ni,and Cu in the farmland surrounding five abandoned coal mines is stable,some points in SCH coal mine have Cd levels exceeding 2.39 times the risk control value of the《Soil Environment Quality Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard(GB 15618—2018)》,indicating that the farmland surrounding SCH coal mine is greatly affected by coal mining activities;the potential ecological risk assessment shows that the comprehensive potential ecological risk index of heavy metals in the soil of agricultural land around TC coal mine and SCH coal mine reaches level 2,belonging to moderate hazard,the comprehensive potential ecological risk index of heavy metals in the soil of agricultural land around the other three abandoned coal mines is level 1,belonging to low hazard,TC coal mine is mainly polluted by Hg,and SCH coal mine is mainly polluted by Cd,indicating that the soil environmental quality of agricultural land around the abandoned coal mine in Huaying Mountain is affected by mineral mining activities,mainly Hg and Cd pollution.

关 键 词：华蓥山 废弃煤矿 土壤 重金属 风险评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]