叶面钙肥预防核桃晚霜危害效果调查  

Investigation on the Effectiveness of Foliar Calcium Fertilizer in Preventing Late Frost Damage to Juglans regia

作　　者：吴海云[1] 王三省[1] 姚少强 王春梅 郝丽兰 何永芳 WU Hai-yun;WANG San-sheng;YAO Shao-qiang;WANG Chun-mei;HAO Li-lan;HE Yong-fang(Baoji Forestry Work Center Station,Baoji,Shaanxi 721001;Chencang Forestry Station,Baoji,Shaanxi 721300)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市林业工作中心站,陕西宝鸡721001 [2]陈仓区林业站,陕西宝鸡721300

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2024年第6期56-60,共5页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：中央财政林业技术推广《千阳鲜食核桃落果落叶综合防治技术示范》项目,项目编号:SLTG[2022]10号。

摘　　要：对叶面钙肥预防核桃晚霜危害的情况进行了试验与分析,总结了叶面钙肥预防核桃晚霜危害的主要技术要点:在核桃发芽坐果期和在霜冻发生后的当天,及时喷施500倍叶面钙肥水混合液,对核桃霜冻后新萌枝的保护效果明显。试验地新萌枝数量是对照地的2.13倍;试验地新萌枝全部死亡数比率为18%,对照地为73.9%;试验地新萌枝仅顶端死亡芽数比率为25.9%,对照地为100%;试验地新萌枝仅叶受轻伤茎基本完好的芽数比率为15.2%,对照地为0%;霜冻后试验地腋芽萌发数比率为4.1%,对照地为0%;霜冻后试验地正常雌花幼果数比率为5.5%,对照地为0%。叶面钙肥不但对霜冻后新萌枝的保护效果明显,还可明显促进附芽和腋芽的再次萌发。This study investigated the effectiveness of timely application of a 500-fold mixture of foliar calcium fertilizer and water during the budding and fruit-setting period of Juglans regia and on the same day after frost occurrence.The results showed that this treatment significantly protected the newly sprouted twigs of walnut trees after frost.According to the survey,the total number of newly sprouted twigs in the experimental plot was 1073,which was 2.12 times that of the control plot.The mortality rate of newly sprouted twigs in the experimental plot was 18%,while it was 73.9%in the control plot.In the experimental plot,the ratio of newly sprouted twigs with only the apical buds dying was 25.9%,while it was 100%in the control plot.The ratio of newly sprouted twigs with only minor leaf damage and basically intact stems in the experimental plot was 15.2%,while it was 0%in the control plot.After the frost,the ratio of axillary buds germinating in the experimental plot was 4.1%,while it was 0%in the control plot.The ratio of normal female flowers and young fruits in the experimental plot after the frost was 5.5%,while it was 0%in the control plot.These results fully demonstrate that this foliar calcium fertilizer not only has a significant protective effect on newly sprouted twigs after frost but also significantly promotes the regrowth of accessory buds and axillary buds.

关 键 词：核桃 叶面钙肥 霜冻危害 新萌枝 效果调查 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学] S425[农业科学—园艺学]