面向小型数据中心余热供暖的水源热泵系统负荷特性分析  

Load Characteristics Analysis of Water-Source Heat Pump System for Harvesting Waste Heat from Small Data Centers

作　　者：周峰[1] 宋宇[1] 马国远[1] 晏祥慧[1] Zhou Feng;Song Yu;Ma Guoyuan;Yan Xianghui(Department of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing,100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学制冷与低温工程系,北京100124

出　　处：《制冷学报》2024年第6期63-74,共12页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51776004)资助项目;北京工业大学“城市碳中和”科技创新基金(049000514123596);北京工业大学环境与生命学部培育基金(PY202105)资助。

摘　　要：随着数据中心绿色发展及日趋严格的电能使用效率限值,小型液冷装置已逐渐成为小型高密度数据中心散热的新选择,同时为余热利用提供了新的有利条件。在小型数据中心余热负荷范围内,对3种水源热泵系统在余热工况下的能效特性进行对比分析。结果表明:源侧提升、输配侧提升、用户侧提升水源热泵系统能效分别分布于5~7、5~6、4.5~6.5;当用户侧热负荷需求在0~1750 kW和2500~3200 kW时,源侧提升水源热泵系统能效最高,在1750~2500 kW时,源侧提升与输配侧提升水源热泵系统能效相近;最后得到用户侧热负荷需求与数据中心余热负荷间的耦合匹配关系QN=kQS,k的取值范围为1.1962~1.3642。The power usage limit becomes lower with the green development of data centers.The small liquid cooling device is emerging as a new cooling option for small data centers with high energy density,which helps recover the waste heat.In this paper,the energy efficiency characteristics of three types of water-source heat pump systems under different surplus heat conditions are compared and analyzed in the surplus heat load range of small data centers.The energy efficiency of the water-source heat pump system is distributed at 5-7,5-6,and 4.5-6.5 on the source side,transmission and distribution side,and user side,respectively.When the user-side heat load is retained at 0 kW to 1750 kW and 2500 kW to 3200 kW,the energy efficiency of the source-side enhanced water-source heat pump system is highest.When the user-side heating load demand is 1750 kW to 2500 kW,the energy efficiency of the source-side enhanced water-source heat pump system is near that of the transmission and distribution-side enhanced water-source heat pump system.Finally,the coupling matching formula QN=kQS is obtained between the user-side heat load demand and data center surplus heat load,in which k ranges from 1.1962 to 1.3642.

关 键 词：数据中心 余热利用 水源热泵 能效 耦合关系 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB657.5