一种降低商用车车架螺栓孔应力集中的方法研究  

A Method for Reducing the Bolt Holes Stress Concentration of Commercial Vehicles Frame

作　　者：张洁 赵春 高翔[1] 竹利江 周佳[1] ZHANG Jie;ZHAO Chun;GAO Xiang;ZHU Li-jiang;ZHOU Jia(China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Chongqing 401122,China)

机构地区：[1]中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司,重庆401122

出　　处：《机械研究与应用》2024年第6期117-120,共4页Mechanical Research & Application

摘　　要：针对商用车车架在仿真分析中由于刚性单元造成螺栓孔边缘应力集中的现象,提出了一种降低应力的方法。以某重卡车架为例,对其螺栓采用不同属性的梁单元与刚性单元组合形成三种建模形式,并基于工程实际分别对三种建模形式下的车架进行模态、刚度、强度及疲劳等多维度性能进行仿真分析,通过对其分析结果的横向对比分析研究发现,相比常用螺栓简化建模形式,梁单元+梁单元组合建模形式对车架的强度和疲劳的改善效果较大,分别能达到20%和50%,而此建模形式对模态和刚度影响不大,证明了所提方法的可行性,具有一定的工程应用意义。In this paper,a method is proposed to improve the phenomenon of stress concentration at the edge of the bolt hole caused by the rigid element in the simulation analysis of the commercial vehicle frame.Taking a heavy truck frame as an example,the bolts are combined with beam elements and rigid elements with different properties to form three modeling forms,and based on the actual engineering practice,the multi-dimensional performance simulation analysis of the frame under the three modeling forms is carried out in terms of mode,stiffness,strength and fatigue,and the analysis results are compared horizontally.It is found that compared with the simplified modeling form of commonly used bolts,the combined modeling form of beam element+beam element will have a great impact on the strength and fatigue of the frame,which can achieve an improvement of 20%and 50%respectively,the mode and stiffness have little effect,which proves the feasibility of the proposed method.It has certain engineering application significance.

关 键 词：螺栓 刚性单元 梁单元 应力集中 

分 类 号：U469.51[机械工程—车辆工程]