一种基于数字图像技术量化土壤结构体形状的方法  

A Method for Quantifying the Ped Shape Based on Digital Image Technology

作　　者：魏曦皓 李江文 钟守琴[1] 慈恩[1] 孟珣珣 魏朝富[1] WEI Xihao;LI Jiangwen;ZHONG Shouqin;CI En;MENG Xunxun;WEI Chaofu(College of Resource and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《土壤学报》2024年第6期1537-1547,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077007)资助。

摘　　要：土壤结构是土壤中各种过程的物理框架,对土壤物理、化学及生物化学过程定量化研究具有极为重要的意义。现有土壤结构的量化方法过度依赖于实验室技术,导致其受限于样本量级、分辨率和成本等因素的影响。为了克服这些限制,本研究以高分辨率土壤剖面图像为研究对象,利用数字图像技术量化土壤结构体形状。结果表明:典型的结构分类和主观描述可以转化为定量的形态计量学指标(如圆角率、圆度、长轴椭圆角、长宽比、坚固度和宽高比等);9个土壤剖面中表层土壤结构体的平均圆角率、圆度和宽高比(0.79、0.74和1.05)均高于心土层(0.64、0.68和0.94),平均长宽比和长轴椭圆角(1.35°和42.73°)均低于心土层(1.79°和49.33°)。因此,利用数字图像技术能够准确地量化和直观地表征土壤结构体的形态特征,且该技术阐明了成土过程中土壤结构体形状逐渐从块状结构向圆球状结构转化的规律。【Objective】Soil structure is the physical framework for various processes in soils and is of great importance for quantitative studies of soil physical,chemical and biochemical processes.Existing methods for quantifying soil structure are overly dependent on laboratory techniques,resulting in them being limited by factors such as sample size,resolution and cost.【Method】To overcome these limitations,this study utilizes digital imaging techniques to quantify ped shapes using high-resolution soil profile images.【Result】The results show that typical structural classifications and subjective descriptions can be transformed into quantitative morphometric(circularity,roundness,major-axis ellipse angle,aspect ratio,solidtity,width-to-height ratio)data.Also,the average circularity,roundness,and width-to-height ratio of ped in the topsoil layer in the nine soil profiles(0.79,0.74,and 1.05)were higher than those in the heart soil layer and the parent soil layer(0.64,0.68,and 0.94),and their average aspect ratio and major-axis ellipse angle(1.35 and 42.73)were lower than those of the heart soil and parent material layers(1.79 and 49.33).【Conclusion】Therefore,the use of digital imaging techniques can accurately quantify and visually characterize the morphology of ped shape,and the technology elucidates the law that the shape of ped gradually transforms from blocky structure to granular structure in the process of soil formation.

关 键 词：土壤结构体 数字形态计量学 结构体形状 剖面形态 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]