臭氧污染和亚乙基二脲喷施对小麦根际细菌群落的影响  

Effects of Ozone Pollution and Ethylenediurea Spraying on the Rhizospheric Bacterial Community of Wheat Plant

作　　者：张浩然 施羽 刘园园[1] 程诚 王琪 徐彦森 冯兆忠 ZHANG Haoran;SHI Yu;LIU Yuanyuan;CHENG Cheng;WANG Qi;XU Yansen;FENG Zhaozhong(School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院,南京210044

出　　处：《土壤学报》2024年第6期1694-1702,共9页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(42130714);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42377307,42177020);南京信息工程大学人才启动经费(003342)资助。

摘　　要：为揭示臭氧(O_(3))浓度升高、亚乙基二脲(Ethylenediurea,EDU)喷施及其交互作用对小麦根际细菌群落多样性与结构的影响,利用完全开放式熏蒸系统(Free-Air Concentration Enrichment,FACE)对“农麦88”进行环境O_(3)浓度(A处理)和1.5倍环境O_(3)浓度(E处理)熏蒸,同时设置叶面喷施6次450 mg·L^(-1)EDU或等量清水的处理。结果表明,EDU喷施使小麦根系生物量上升8%~58%、土壤pH下降4%~10%,且A处理下均达到显著水平。O_(3)浓度升高、EDU处理及其交互作用对细菌群落alpha多样性没有显著影响。O_(3)浓度升高改变了细菌群落结构,而E处理下EDU对细菌群落的影响较A处理更为显著。所有处理根际土中Proteobacteria(相对丰度占比28%~39%)、Bacteroidota(11%~20%)、Acidobacteria(7%~11%)为最优势菌门。E处理和EDU处理均显著降低了Alphaproteobacteria的相对丰度,但提高了Chloroflexi的相对丰度。E处理使Nitrospirota菌门的相对丰度提高了71%~164%,EDU处理使Planctomycetota菌门的相对丰度提高了23%~70%。Spearman相关性分析结果表明,土壤速效钾含量与Chloroflexi和Nitrospirota菌门的相对丰度呈显著负相关(r=-0.846~-0.586),而与Alphaproteobacteria菌门的相对丰度呈显著正相关(r=0.604)。综上,小麦可能通过降低富营养菌群和提高贫营养菌群相对丰度来提高自身对O_(3)浓度升高的适应性,而叶面喷施EDU可能也通过该途径来缓解小麦的O_(3)胁迫。【Objtctive】Tropospheric ozone(O_(3))is one of the most severe plant toxic air pollutants,it poses a serious threat to food production and security.Ethylenediurea(EDU)can effectively mitigate O_(3)-induced crop yield loss.However the effects of elevated O_(3),EDU,and their interaction on the rhizospheric bacterial community of wheat plant remains unclear.【Method】Triticum aestivum L.Nongmai88 was grown in China O_(3) Free-Air Concentration Enrichment(O_(3)-FACE)platform under either ambient atmospheric O_(3)(A treatment)or 1.5 times ambient atmospheric O_(3)(E treatment),and the foliage sprayed with 450 mg·L^(-1) EDU or equal mount of water every ten days.The rhizospheric bacterial communitites under different treatments were analyzed by MiSeq sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes in combination with redundancy analysis(RDA).【Result】It was found that EDU increased wheat root biomass by 8%-58% and decreased soil pH by 4%-10%,both of which reached significant levels under A treatment.The elevated O_(3),EDU foliar spray,and their interaction did not significantly affect the alpha diversity indices of rhizospheric bacterial communities,but the elevated O_(3) caused significant variation in the whole bacterial community structure.In addition,the effect of EDU on the structure of the bacterial community in A treatment was more significant than that under E treatment.Proteobacteria(with a relative abundance ratio of 28%-39%),Bacteroidota(11%-20%),and Acidobacteriota(7%-11%)were the most dominant phyla in all treatments of the rhizosphere soil.Both the elevated O_(3) and EDU foliar spray significantly reduced the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria but increased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi.E treatment increased the relative abundance of Nitrospirota by 71% to 164%,while EDU treatment increased the relative abundance of Planctomycota by 23% to 70%.Based on the results of RDA,it was found that the content of available postassium(AK)and pH were the main drivers,explaining 21% and 16% of the varia

关 键 词：臭氧 亚乙基二脲 小麦 根际土壤 细菌群落 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]