典型黑土区坡耕地土壤微生物多样性及群落结构对侵蚀–沉积的响应  

Response of Soil Microbial Diversity and Community Structure to Erosion-Deposition in Slope Farmland in Typical Black Soil Area of Northeast China

作　　者：杨青松 杨伟 彭珏 王军光[1] 郑淑文 蔡崇法[1] YANG Qingsong;YANG Wei;PENG Jue;WANG Junguang;ZHENG Shuwen;CAI Chongfa(Research Center of Water and Soil Conservation,Huazhong Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation(Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of P.R.China,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Water Resources Research Institute,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水土保持研究中心,农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]湖北省水利水电科学研究院,武汉430064

出　　处：《土壤学报》2024年第6期1741-1754,共14页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500703);国家自然科学基金项目(42177317);湖北省大别山区典型小流域次降雨水土流失预报模型研究项目(HBSLKY202304)共同资助。

摘　　要：东北黑土区是中国重要的商品粮生产基地,但严重的土壤侵蚀导致该区域土壤健康和生态功能下降。以典型黑土区坡耕地土壤为研究对象,分析了不同坡面位置土壤的微生物多样性及其与共现网络之间的关系,并结合土壤理化性质探究了侵蚀–沉积现象对土壤微生物群落的影响。结果表明:(1)土壤侵蚀显著降低了微生物α多样性,而沉积有利于其增加。有机碳(SOC)、平均重量直径(MWD)与微生物多样性存在显著的正相关性。(2)侵蚀–沉积未改变细菌和真菌门、科水平的主要优势菌群。真菌门、科水平的主要优势菌群相对丰度变化较细菌明显。(3)冗余分析结果表明侵蚀–沉积通过改变SOC、全磷(TP)、MWD等,导致受其影响显著的物种相对丰度出现了不同的变化趋势。(4)土壤侵蚀显著影响了细菌共现网络复杂性,其节点数和边数分别从540、572(坡顶)下降至488、520(坡下),而沉积又使两者分别增加至546、602。土壤侵蚀显著增大了细菌网络聚类系数,其值从0.38(坡顶)增至0.41(坡下)。同时,侵蚀–沉积显著改变了真菌网络节点数,其值从223(坡顶)降至187(坡下)后增至201(坡脚)。此外,随着侵蚀强度的增大,细菌网络稳定性呈下降趋势,而真菌网络稳定性呈现出先下降后增大的趋势。总体而言,本研究揭示了侵蚀–沉积作用下黑土区坡耕地土壤微生物多样性和群落结构的变化及驱动因素,为进一步了解黑土区坡耕地土壤理化性质与微生物的相互作用提供了一定的理论依据。【Objective】The black soil region of Northeast China is an important commodity grain production base in China.However,intense soil erosion has led to a decline in soil health and ecological functions in the region.【Method】The microbial diversity of soils at different slope positions and their relationship with the co-occurrence network was analyzed using slope farmland soils from typical black soil areas,and the effects of erosion-deposition on soil microbial communities were investigated in combination with soil physicochemical properties.【Result】The results showed that:(ⅰ)Soil erosion significantly reduced microbial α-diversity while deposition increased it.Soil organic carbon(SOC)and mean weight diameter(MWD)had a significant positive correlation with microbial diversity.(ⅱ)Erosion-deposition did not change the major dominant groups at the phylum or family levels of bacterial and fungal.However,at the phylum and family level,changes in the relative abundance of the main dominant groups at the fungal were more pronounced than in the case of bacteria.(ⅲ)The results of redundancy analyses indicated that erosion-deposition,by altering SOC,total phosphorus(TP),MWD,etc.,led to different trends in the relative abundance of species significantly affected by them.(ⅳ)Soil erosion significantly reduced the complexity of the bacterial co-occurrence network,whose node and edge respectively decreased from 540 and 572(top of slope)to 488 and 520(lower slope)and increased to 546 and 602(foot of slope).Also,soil erosion significantly increased the number of clustering coefficients,the number of which increased from 0.38(top of the slope)to 0.41(lower slope).Meanwhile,erosion-deposition significantly changed the number of nodes of the fungal network,the number of which decreased from 223(foot of slope)to 187(lower slope)and increased to 201(foot of slope).In addition,the bacterial network stability showed a decreasing trend with increasing erosion intensity while the fungal network stability showed a decreas

关 键 词：黑土区 坡耕地 微生物群落 土壤侵蚀 共现网络 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]