甲基磺酸乙酯诱变对阳春砂仁出苗的影响  

Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulfonic Acid Mutations on the Emergence of Amomum villosum Seedlings

作　　者：施云凤 李文秀 贺军军 罗萍[1] 张华林[1] 张凤英 SHI Yunfeng;LI Wenxiu;HE Junjun;LUO Ping;ZHANG Hualin;ZHANG Fengying(Zhanjiang Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Dryland Water-saving Agricultural Engineering and Technology Research Center,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China;Yunnan Agricultural University Tropical Crops College,Pu’er,Yunnan 665000,China;Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China;South Asia Tropical Crop Research Institute,CATAS,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站/广东省旱作节水农业工程技术中心,广东湛江524091 [2]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱665000 [3]华中农业大学,湖北武汉430000 [4]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2024年第10期47-51,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：南药道地性高品质生产与功能开发技术“十四五”广东省农业科技创新十大主攻方向“揭榜挂帅”项目(No.2022SDZG07)。

摘　　要：阳春砂仁是我国传统“四大南药”之一。我国春砂仁种质资源单一,遗传基础狭窄,通过甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变,以期筛选出诱变阳春砂仁种子最合适的EMS浓度和诱变时间,从而为EMS诱变新种质奠定基础。以阳春砂仁种子为试材,采用EMS进行诱变处理,研究了不同EMS浓度、不同处理时间对阳春砂仁种子萌发出苗率和生长势的影响。结果表明:EMS处理体积比浓度为0.2%~0.4%,不同处理时长对出苗数影响较小,但EMS处理浓度为0.8%以上时,随着处理时长的增加,其出苗数大幅度降低,甚至不出苗。因此,EMS对砂仁的生长具有抑制作用。经过研究得出,EMS诱变砂仁的适宜浓度为0.2%~0.4%,适宜时间为4~12 h,EMS处理后55~67 d生长势最快。研究结果可为阳春砂仁化学诱变及新种质资源创制提供参考。Amomum villosum Lour.is a traditional Southern Medicine in China.There are few germplasm resources of A.villosum in China,and its genetic relationship is limited.Through ethyl methanesulfonic acid(EMS)mutation,the most suit-able EMS concentration and mutation time for the mutation of A.villosum seeds were screened.A.villosum seeds were treated with EMS,and the effects of different concentrations of EMS and treatment times on the germination rate and growth potential of A.villosum seeds were studied.The results revealed that the concentration of EMS treatment used was 0.2%~0.4%(V:V),and different treatment durations had little effect on the number of seedlings.When the concentration of EMS treatment was higher than 0.8%,with the increase in treatment duration,the number of seedlings significantly decreased or did not emerge.As the EMS treatment concentration increased,the emergence rate of A.villosum tended to decline;after EMS treatment,the growth rate of A.villosum showed an overall trend of first accelerating and then stabilizing,with the fastest growth rate occur-ring from 55 d to 67 d.The optimal concentration for EMS-induced mutation of A.villosum was 0.2%~0.4%,and the optimal time was 4-12 h.The research results provide a reference for the chemical mutagenesis of A.villosum and the creation of new germplasm resources.

关 键 词：阳春砂仁 甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS) 出苗率 生长势 

分 类 号：S59[农业科学—作物学]