先秦兵学从“礼”到“权”的演化理路——从《司马法》到《孙子兵法》  

The Evolution Route from“Rites”to“Power”of Pre-Qin Military Science—From Sima Rangju’s Art of War to The Art of War

作　　者：马硕 MA Shuo(Research Institute of History and Sun Yat-sen,Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences,Guangzhou 510635,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省社会科学院历史与孙中山研究所,广东广州510635

出　　处：《山东航空学院学报》2024年第5期17-24,共8页Journal of Binzhou University

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助一般项目“中国礼仪文化与小说叙事”(22FZWB068)。

摘　　要：中国礼乐文化的兴盛时期也是“礼”在军法中充分展现的时期,以治军为基础的《司马法》奠定了中国兵学发展的基础。《司马法》是礼乐文明运用于军事领域内的典范,但随着“礼崩乐坏”的时代变化,《司马法》越来越不适用于春秋中后期至战国时期的频繁战争。以用兵艺术为代表的《孙子兵法》,在指导战争制胜的方面成为“权”变的杰出范例。从《司马法》到《孙子兵法》,体现出先秦兵学从“道”到“术”的转变,这对中国后世的兵学发展产生了重要影响。The flourishing period of Chinese rites and music culture is also the period in which rites are fully displayed in military law.Based on military management,Sima Rangju’s Art of War lays the foundation for the development of Chinese military science.Sima Rangju’s Art of War is a model of the application of rites and music civilization in the military field,but with the change of the times of“the collapse of rites and music”,Sima Rangju’s Art of War is more and more unsuitable for frequent wars from the middle and late Spring and Autumn period to the Warring States period.The Art of War,representing the art of military practice,has become an outstanding example of“power”change in guiding the victory of war.From Sima Rangju’s Art of War to The Art of War,the change from Tao to art of pre-Qin military science is reflected,which has an important impact on the development of China’s military science for later generations.

关 键 词：先秦兵学 礼 权 《司马法》 《孙子兵法》 

分 类 号：E892[军事]