基于区块链和零知识证明的身份认证机制  

Identity authentication mechanism based on blockchain and zero-knowledge proof

作　　者：张杨[1] 莫秀良 ZHANG Yang;MO Xiuliang(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China;School of Computer Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学天津市智能计算及软件新技术重点实验室,天津300384 [2]天津理工大学计算机科学与工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《天津理工大学学报》2024年第6期110-116,共7页Journal of Tianjin University of Technology

基　　金：国家基金面上—联合基金(U1536122);科技部“科技助力经济2020”重点专项(SQ2020YFF0413781);天津市科委重大专项(15ZXDSGX00030)。

摘　　要：传统的身份认证模型大多依赖可信第三方,采用中心式身份管理和验证方式,易受单点故障影响而导致信息泄露,难以保证数据的安全性和完整性。因此,文中提出了基于区块链和零知识证明的高效安全身份认证方案。此方案基于区块链去中心化、可追溯、不可篡改等特性,采用改进的Shrubs Merkle Tree数据结构存储身份信息,降低身份信息更新的计算开销,提高验证效率;构造零知识证明方案,在不向验证者提供任何敏感信息的情况下对身份信息进行验证,同时采用链上链下分步证明,保证身份信息的隐私性及交易不可关联性。在以太坊测试链中进行仿真实验,结果表明该模型具有较好的安全性、隐私性、可行性。Most of the traditional identity authentication models rely on the trusted third parties and adopt a centralized identity management and verification method,which is vulnerable to information leakage due to single point of failure,and it is difficult to ensure the security and integrity of the data.Therefore,this paper proposes an efficient and secure identity authentication scheme based on the blockchain and zero-knowledge proof.This scheme is based on the characteristics of blockchain decentralization,traceability,and non-tampering.It adopts an improved shrubs merkle tree data structure to store identity information,reduce the computational cost of identity information update,and improve the verification efficiency.The identity information is verified if any sensitive information is provided,and at the same time,the on-chain and off-chain step-by-step proofs are used to ensure the privacy of identity information and the irrelevance of transactions.The simulation results show that the model has good security,privacy and feasibility.

关 键 词：身份管理 区块链 智能合约 零知识证明 

分 类 号：P315.69[天文地球—地震学]