非自愿移民社区融合脱困的社会工作介入服务研究  

Research on Social Work Intervention Services for Coping with Community Integration Difficulties of Involuntary Immigrants

作　　者：安慧敏 施国庆[1] 李明 An Huimin;Shi Guoqing;Li Ming(School of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;Shandong Survey and Design Institute of Water Conservancy Co.,Ltd,Ji'nan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学公共管理学院,南京211100 [2]山东省水利勘测设计院有限公司,济南250013

出　　处：《工程研究——跨学科视野中的工程》2024年第6期642-651,共10页JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING STUDIES

摘　　要：为配合国家精准扶贫战略、工程项目建设和水能资源开发等政策措施,近千万非自愿移民被迫离开故土,搬迁安置到陌生的社区开启新生活。但是,在移民后续扶持过程中,社区融合困难是非自愿移民面临的主要问题之一。为了帮助非自愿移民脱离社区融合困境,建设和谐融洽社区,本研究以增能理论和生态系统理论为基石,对非自愿移民的社区融合困境与需求进行了深入探讨。研究采用访谈法和观察法作为主要的研究手段,通过直接与非自愿移民进行沟通交流,并观察他们在新社区中的生活状态,从而深入理解非自愿移民在社区融合过程中遭遇的难题和实际需求。基于上述研究,本文从社会工作的专业视角出发,针对非自愿移民所处的不同系统环境(微观、中观、宏观),提出了具体的介入策略。这些策略旨在帮助非自愿移民克服社区融合困境,实现与新社区的和谐共融。Driven by activities such as national strategic practices,engineering project construction,and water energy resource development,a significant number of involuntary immigrants have emerged in my country.The relocation and resettlement initiatives have triggered abrupt transformations in the living environment,lifestyle,and production methods of these immigrants,resulting in pronounced community integration challenges during subsequent support phases.Social work,characterized by its fundamental commitment to a people-first approach and the advancement of self-help,consistently places a high priority on assisting vulnerable societal groups and cultivating social harmony and stability.Consequently,the application of professional social work methods and techniques to support immigrants in overcoming community integration challenges holds significant theoretical and practical implications.From a theoretical standpoint,this endeavor contributes to the expansion of the scope of social work services,improvement of the community management system for involuntary immigrants,and advocacy for the localization of social work.On a practical level,it not only facilitates the physical and mental health adjustment of immigrants,enabling them to navigate the adjustment period successfully,but also enriches practical experience in social work,providing crucial guidance for government initiatives in post-immigration support.To explore the current landscape of community integration challenges and the social work service needs of involuntary immigrants,this article employs qualitative research as the primary method,conducting in-depth investigations in resettlement communities.Through field observations and unstructured interviews,it is evident that immigrants'integration challenges primarily manifest in four aspects:Shrinking social networks,reduced political participation,relative poverty,and cultural shock.Reflecting these community integration dilemmas,immigrants'social work service needs are primarily observed in four aspects:rei

关 键 词：非自愿移民 社会工作 社区融合 融合困境 本土化 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]