升温条件下青藏线气候与冻土变化特征研究  

Research on the Characteristics of Climate and Frozen Soil Changes along the Qinghai-Tibet Line under Heating Conditions

作　　者：苗学云 唐占峰 米维军 孔令伟 程佳 MIAO Xueyun;TANG Zhanfeng;MI Weijun;KONG Lingwei;CHENG Jia(China Railway Northwest Research Institute Co.Ltd,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;China Railway Lanzhou Group Co.Ltd,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁西北科学研究院有限公司,兰州730000 [2]中国铁路兰州局集团有限公司,兰州730000

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2024年第11期12-16,89,共6页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2023YFB2604800);青藏集团公司科技研究开发计划项目(QZ2022-G04)。

摘　　要：研究目的:全球气温持续上升、暖湿化逐年加剧,致使青藏高原多年冻土地区热侵蚀加剧,冻土退化对高原寒区铁路安全运营及相关铁路工程建设带来众多技术难题。通过收集青藏铁路多年冻土区沿线气温、降水、地温等数据,系统分析多年冻土区气候变化规律与冻土变化特征,研究成果旨在为增温条件下高原寒区工程维养与工程建设提供理论支撑。研究结论:(1)近20年青藏高原增温速率为0.64℃/10a,降水量增加速率为16.8mm/10a;(2)青藏铁路沿线平均气温为-5.9~-2.7℃,年降水量增加了75~86 mm;(3)青藏铁路多年冻土区地温升高0.06~0.21℃,南北两界温度提高了0.04~0.17℃,沿线冻结指数为1.5~5.6;(4)本研究成果可为高原寒区道路工程建造与既有工程病害处置提供理论支撑与技术参考。Research purposes:The permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is gradually degraded due to the global temperature rise,which brings many technical problems to railway safety operation and related railway construction in the plateau cold region.By collecting and analyzing the changes in temperature,precipitation,ground temperature,and frozen soil upper limit of meteorological stations along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,the characteristics of climate and frozen soil changes along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway under the condition of temperature rise of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway are analyzed.The research results aim to provide theoretical support for the engineering maintenance and engineering construction in the plateau cold area under warming conditions.Research conclusions:(1)In the past 20 years,the warming rate of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has reached 0.64℃/10 a,and the precipitation has increased at a rate of 16.8 mm/10 a.(2)The temperature along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is influenced by altitude and dimensions,with an average temperature value of -5.9℃~-2.7℃.The annual average precipitation has shown an increasing trend from 1996 to 2022,an increase of 75~86 mm compared to 1976 to 1995.(3)The ground temperature in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in 2022 has increased by 0.06~0.21℃ compared to 2007,and the temperature at the north and south ends of the permafrost has increased by 0.04℃~0.17℃.The freezing index along the route ranges from 1.5 to 5.6.(4)The research results can provide theoretical support and technical reference for the construction of road projects in plateau cold areas and the disposal of existing engineering diseases.

关 键 词：青藏高原 青藏铁路 气候变化 多年冻土区 冻土退化 

分 类 号：U25[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]