我国小型生活垃圾焚烧处理厂发展之困  

Difficulties in the Development of Small Domestic Waste Incineration Plants in China

作　　者：孙增峰[1] 吕金燕[1] SUN Zengfeng;LYU Jinyan(China Academy of Urban Planning and Design,Beijing 100037)

机构地区：[1]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100037

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2023年第S01期128-131,共4页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

摘　　要：焚烧处理已成为我国生活垃圾处理的主要方式,其具有减容效果好、占地面积小等优点,但也存在建设及运营费用高等问题。发电补贴是地方政府解决垃圾焚烧处理厂建设阶段融资难、日常运行费用高、后续经营难以为继的重要手段之一。从我国目前现行的发电补贴政策执行情况看,发电补贴对我国许多大型垃圾焚烧处理厂的发展起到了促进作用,但对于小型垃圾焚烧处理厂的发展却作用甚微,原因在于小型垃圾焚烧处理厂难以获得发电补贴。《关于加强县级地区生活垃圾焚烧处理设施建设的指导意见》(发改环资[2022]1746号)为小型生活垃圾焚烧设施的建设指明了发展方向。基于此,对我国小型生活垃圾焚烧厂的发展提出了相关建议,如发电补贴政策不仅要锦上添花,更应雪中送炭,从而进一步促进我国生活垃圾焚烧处理厂的区域协调和大小均衡发展。Incineration has been the major treatment route of municipal solid waste(MSW)in China,which has the advantages of good capacity reduction effect and small footprint,but also has the problems of high construction and operation costs.Power generation subsidy is one of the important means for local governments to solve the financing difficulties,high daily operating costs and difficulties in the follow-up operation of waste incineration plants in the construction stage.From the implementation of the current power generation subsidy policy in China,the power generation subsidy has played a positive role in promoting the development of many large waste incineration plants in China,but it improved less on the development of small waste incineration plants.The reason was that it was difficult for small waste incineration plants to obtain power generation subsidies.The Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Domestic Waste Incineration and Treatment Facilities in County-Level Areas(FGHZ〔2022〕No.1746)indicated the development mode for the construction of small domestic waste incineration facilities.In view of this,the relevant suggestions on the development of small domestic waste incineration plants in China were put forward.For example,the power generation subsidy policy should not only make things better,but also should provide timely help,so as to promote the development of domestic waste incineration plants in China to be more regional coordinated and balanced in size.

关 键 词：小型生活垃圾焚烧厂 发电补贴政策 垃圾处理公益性 焚烧厂规模大小级配 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]