固定格栅遮阳性能化设计方法研究--以室内热舒适优化为目标  

Performance-Based Design Method of Fixed Louver Shades:Aiming at optimizing indoor thermal comfort

作　　者：蒋璋 JIANG Zhang(China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China;National Engineering Research Center of Building Technology,Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Green Building Design and Research Center,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]国家建筑工程技术研究中心,北京100013 [3]北京市绿色建筑设计工程技术研究中心,北京100013

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2024年第12期67-73,135,共8页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：中国建筑科学研究院有限公司青年基金科研项目“性能导向的固定格栅式遮阳设计方法研究”(20210118331030039)。

摘　　要：体感温度是通过辐射温度和空气温度加权混合求解的,而在实际工程的设计中,辐射温度较难通过手算求解或检测获得,因此,常用空气温度直接替代体感温度会导致人体热舒适感受评价出现偏差。通过计算机模拟和参数化性能优化技术,实现基于气象数据变化的房间动态辐射温度计算,进而用于不同时段室内热舒适满意率的计算和评价。在方案的性能化优化设计中,通过逐一列举法和遗传算法两种性能寻优方法,得出了单个变量参数和多个变量参数情况下的不同优化方案,两种寻优方法均可以达成寻优目标。此外,遗传算法在多个变量参数情况下的寻优,在工程中的应用也被证实是可行的。遗传算法通过设置最优解目标,经过不断地交叉变异计算得出多个优化解,既可以满足性能化设计要求,也可以为设计师提供更多的方案选择。The operative temperature is mixed by weighted mixing through radiation temperature and air temperature.At the design stage of the actual project,the radiation temperature is difficult to solve by hand calculation or measure directly.However,directly using the air temperature instead of the operative temperature will lead to deviations in the evaluation of human indoor thermal comfort.Through computer simulation and parameterization performance optimization technology,the dynamic radiation temperature calculation based on meteorological data changes is achieved,then used for the calculation and evaluation of indoor thermal comfort satisfaction rates in different time periods.In terms of perforimance optimization design,one by one enumeration can be used for optimization of single variable,and the genetic algorithm can be used for optimization of multiple variables.In addition,the optimization of genetic algorithm in the case of multiple parameters has also been verified to be feasible in engineering applications.The genetic algorithm is based on the optimal solution settings and continuous cross-mutation calculation,and multiple optimization solutions can be obtained.It can not only meet the performance design requirements,but also provide designers with more solution choices.

关 键 词：体感温度 室内热舒适 参数化设计 性能导向 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]