基于空间插值法的养老建筑室内热环境三维可视化技术研究  

Three-dimensional Visualization Technology of Indoor Thermal Environment of Elderly Care Building Based on Spatial Interpolation Method

作　　者：周鹏飞 宋德萱[1] 张弛[2] ZHOU Pengfei;SONG Dexuan;ZHANG Chi(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Research Institute of Elaborated Urban Governance,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学超大城市精细化治理(国际)研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2024年第12期74-83,共10页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“热景观营造与建筑公共空间节能设计方法”(52078341)。

摘　　要：为了全面分析养老建筑室内热环境状态和节能设计的有效性,提出将空间插值法和较高密度测点相结合的室内热环境三维可视化模型建立方法,可以准确便捷地分析养老建筑室内热环境分布状态和变化趋势。以上海一座养老建筑为例,利用案例的实测数据,对Surfer软件提供的11种空间插值方法建立的模型进行完整性和连续性分析,得出其中的反距离加权插值法等5种空间插值方法可以有效建立完整的、符合建筑传热特征的热环境可视化模型。反距离加权插值法建立的热环境可视化模型的误差最小,在晴天的误差为0.15℃、雨天的误差为0.11℃。提出从时间和空间两个维度,建立养老建筑室内热环境的三维可视化时空模型,全面地分析养老建筑热环境参数随时间的变化趋势和在空间中的分布状态。通过该模型可以直观地发现案例养老建筑中呈现了空调调控的居住空间存在南北温度分布不均、过渡空间之间存在温差较大等问题。从被动式自然调控和主动式环境控制两方面提出相应的节能设计策略,以提升室内热环境的舒适性和挖掘节能潜力。提出热环境可视化分析方法,为建筑师准确分析室内热环境分布状态和变化趋势提供了新的技术手段,为建筑师对养老建筑进行改造设计提供了可靠的数据支撑,为养老建筑室内热环境使用后评价提供了新的方法。In order to comprehensively analyze the indoor thermal environment status and the effectiveness of energy-saving design in elderly care buildings,this paper proposes a method of establishing a three-dimensional visualization model of the indoor thermal environment using spatial interpolation method and higher density measurement points,which can accurately and conveniently analyze the distribution state and trend of the indoor thermal environment in elderly care buildings.Taking an elderly care building in Shanghai as an example,using the actual measured data of the case,this paper analyzes the completeness and continuity of the 11 spatial interpolation methods provided by Surfer software to establish the model.It concludes that among the five spatial interpolation methods,the inverse distance weighted interpolation method and others can effectively establish a complete thermal environment visualization model that conforms to the thermal characteristics of the building.The inverse distance to a power interpolation method establishes the thermal environment visualization model with the smallest RMSE,with an RMSE of 0.15℃on a sunny day and 0.11℃on a rainy day.This paper proposes establishing a three-dimensional visualization temporal-spatial model of indoor thermal environment in elderly care buildings from the perspective of time and space,comprehensively analyzing the trend of indoor thermal environment parameters over time and their distribution state in space.Through this model,it is possible to intuitively discover that there are problems of uneven temperature distribution in the living spaces with air conditioning regulation in elderly care buildings and significant temperature differences between transition spaces.From the perspectives of passive natural regulation and active environmental control,corresponding energy-saving design strategies are proposed to enhance the thermal comfort of the indoor environment and tap the potential for energy savings.The heat environment visualization analysis method pr

关 键 词：空间插值法 室内热环境 养老建筑 三维可视化 建筑节能 

分 类 号：TU17[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU83