超越个性发展的悖论:奥登《无名公民》对消费社会的三重思辨  

Beyond the Paradox of Individuality Development:W.H.Auden's Three Enquiries into the Consumer Society in"The Unknown Citizen"

作　　者：王嘉琪 南健翀[2] Wang Jiaqi;Nan Jianchong

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学研究生院 [2]西安外国语大学英文学院

出　　处：《英语文学研究》2024年第2期90-100,共11页Journal of Literature in English

基　　金：陕西省哲学社会科学重大理论与现实问题研究项目“R.S.托马斯诗歌的民族性书写”(2022ND0460);西安外国语大学研究生科研基金项目“R.S.托马斯诗歌的民族性书写”(2021BS015)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：对现代社会畸形发展的诊断、反思和救治是贯穿奥登文学生涯的重要主题。以《无名公民》为代表的作品标志着诗人的思考从个人经验拓展到公共领域。通过对现代“空心人”这一典型形象的刻画,奥登集中审视了现代人的生存困境和现代社会的单向度性,并暗示了社会变革的迫切和行动的必要。具体而言,消费社会中肯定向度与否定向度之于人的个性发展悖论为奥登诗歌创作提供了张力场,消费文化之于客观需求与主观需求的伦理困境则是其内驱力。更重要的是,个体自由有其存在的合理性和公共价值,人的解放就是要超越个性发展悖论,最终实现人的自由全面发展。The diagnosis,reflection,and treatment of the degeneration of modern society is an important theme in Auden's literary writings.Poems,represented by"The Unknown Citizen",not only demonstrate the existential anxiety of people and the one-dimensional feature of society,but also call for immediate social changes and necessary actions,which marks his thoughtful expansion from private realm to public concern.To be specific,firstly,the paradox in developing human individuality in a consumer society provides Auden with a solid poetic foundation to criticize social ills.Secondly,the ethical dilemma to balance objective and subjective needs serves as the driving force.More importantly,individual freedom bears its rationale and public value in itself.And,the emancipation of man means getting rid of any kind of contradiction so as to achieve the free and allround development of man.

关 键 词：奥登 消费社会 焦虑 单向度 解放 

分 类 号：I712.072[文学—其他各国文学]