气候变化诉讼制度构建的中国方案  

China's Solution to the Construction of Climate Change Litigation System

作　　者：李传轩[1] 卢红宇 Li Chuanxuan;Lu Hongyu

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院,上海200438

出　　处：《江西社会科学》2024年第10期124-136,207,共14页Jiangxi Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“‘双碳’目标下上市公司绿色治理法律制度研究”(23BX102)。

摘　　要：气候变化诉讼并非中国本土术语,需要在梳理域外气候变化诉讼发展历程的基础上,结合国内已有的“涉气候变化诉讼”案例,重新界定中国语境下广义和狭义的气候变化诉讼。狭义的气候变化诉讼是重心所在。气候变化诉讼不仅是法律问题,也会受政治、经济、社会方面以及气候变化科学问题的影响而具有特殊性,在把握上述特性的基础上,总结域外气候变化诉讼的经验,根据现有环境司法框架为气候变化诉讼寻找制度定位并构建具体安排,应成为中国环境司法应对气候变化诉讼的破题思路和研究方向。基于气候变化的公益属性和中国环境司法的三元构造框架,构建气候变化行政公益诉讼、气候变化民事公益诉讼和生态环境损害赔偿诉讼的综合体系应当成为中国气候变化诉讼发展的路向和方案。Climate change litigation is not an indigenous term in China. It is necessary to redefine both the broad and narrow definitions of climate change litigation in the Chinese context, based on a review of the development of climate change litigation abroad and an analysis of existing “climate change-related”cases in China. In the Chinese context, the primary focus is on the narrow definition of climate change litigation. Such litigation involves not only legal aspects but also distinct characteristics shaped by political, economic, social and scientific factors related to climate change. Based on these considerations,China's environmental judiciary should draw on international experiences with climate change litigation, position it within the current environmental judicial framework, and establish specific mechanisms for implementation. This approach provides a strategic foundation for China to address climate change litigation. Given the public interest attributes of climate change and the tripartite framework of China's environmental judiciary, the construction of a comprehensive system—including administrative public interest litigation, civil public interest litigation and ecological environmental damage compensation litigation related to climate change—should serve as the direction for the development of climate change litigation in China.

关 键 词：气候变化 诉讼制度 公益诉讼 中国方案 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]