去行政化:事业单位治理改革的方向  

De-bureaucratization:the Direction of Governance Reform of Public Organizations in China

作　　者：顾昕 GU Xin(School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江工商大学学报》2024年第6期13-23,共11页Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University

摘　　要：去行政化是中国事业单位治理改革的方向,也是公共部门以及公共服务治理变革的一项指导原则。从公共管理的学术视角来看,去行政化意味着公共服务治理模式的转型,涉及行政机制、市场机制和社群机制的作用及其相互关系。中国的事业单位体系形成于计划经济时代,其高度行政化的组织和制度构成了事业单位去行政化改革的初始状态。基于经济学对私人物品和公共物品的区分以及与此相关的市场失灵和政府职能理论,分类改革成为事业单位改革的核心,而去行政化则成为分类改革中完善行政机制运行的主线。去行政化的要旨,在于打破行政机制主宰一切事务的既有格局,引入市场机制和社群机制,形成政府、市场和社会多方主体协作互动,行政、市场和社群机制互补嵌合的新格局。然而,由于行政力量的惯习,也由于其学理框架和实践路径均处在探索之中,事业单位去行政化依然任重道远。De-bureaucratization is the direction of China's public organization governance reform and it is also a guiding principle for the governance reform of the public sector and public services.From the scholarly perspective of public management,de-bureaucratization means the transformation of the public service governance model involving the functions of and the interrelationships between administrative,market and community mechanisms.China's public organization system was formed in the era of planned economy and its highly bureaucratized ways of organizing constituted the initial state for the de-bureaucratization of public organizations.Based on the distinction between private and public goods in economics and the related theories of market failure and government functions,the so-called“classification reform”has become the core of public organizations reform,and then de-bureaucratization has become the main line of improving the operation of administrative mechanism in the“classification reform.”The gist of de-bureaucratization is to break through the existing pattern of administrative mechanisms dominating all public affairs by introducing market and community mechanisms,so as to form a new pattern characterized by collaborative interactions among the government,the market,and society,and complementary embeddedness among bureaucratic,market and community mechanisms.Yet,due to the habit of administrative power as well as the fact that its theoretical framework and practical path are still in exploration,the de-bureaucratization of public organizations still has a long way to go.

关 键 词：去行政化 事业单位 法人化 治理机制 编制 

分 类 号：F29[经济管理—国民经济]