温湿度对番茄潜叶蛾生长发育及繁殖的影响  

Effects of temperature and humidity on the growth,development and reproduction of Tuta absoluta Meyrick

作　　者：张旭艳 贾尊尊 吐尔逊·阿合买提[2] 付开赟 丁新华[2] 乔小燕 李亚文 郭文超[2] 牙森·沙力[1] ZHANG Xu-Yan;JIA Zun-Zun;Tuersun·AHMAT;FU Kai-Yun;DING Xin-Hua;QIAO Xiao-Yan;LI Ya-Wen;GUO Wen-Chao;Yasen·SHALI(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Crops in Northwest desert Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosecurity,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/新疆农业生物安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2024年第6期1358-1366,共9页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：新疆农业科学院自主培育专项(xjnkycxzx-2022003);天山英才-科技创新领军人才。

摘　　要：番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta Meyrick(鳞翅目Lepidoptera)已经成为中国一种重要的农业害虫。了解温湿度对其发育期的影响对预测其种群动态至关重要。本研究采用两性生命表的方法,在相对湿度10%、25%、50%和75%下测定番茄潜叶蛾化蛹率、羽化率及产卵量,在温度15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃和35℃下测定番茄潜叶蛾各虫态发育历期、世代周期、幼虫存活率、成虫存活率、单雌产卵量等。结果表明,番茄潜叶蛾化蛹率、羽化率及产卵量随着湿度的升高呈现出先升高后下降的趋势,相对湿度75%为其最适发育湿度;在不同温度条件下发育历期随着温度的升高而逐渐缩短,15℃下发育历期最长为63.3 d,30℃恒温下仅为23.6 d,35℃下无法完成世代的发育;雌成虫在25℃条件下繁殖最快,产卵量最高,单雌产卵量为112粒;净增值率、周限增长率随温度的升高先增后减,说明高温和低温均不适合番茄潜叶蛾种群数量增加,25℃是最适发育温度。The tomato leafminer(Tuta absoluta Meyrick)(Lepidoptera)has become an important agricultural pest in China.Understanding the effects of temperature and humidity on their developmental period is essential for predicting their population dynamics.In this study,we used the hermaphroditic life table method to determine the pupation rate,feathering rate and oviposition rate of T.absoluta at 10%,25%,50%and 75%relative humidity,and the development period,generation cycle,larval survival rate,adult survival rate and egg production of single female by each insect state of T.absoluta at the temperatures of 15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃and 35℃.The results showed that the pupation rate and oviposition rate of T.absoluta showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of humidity,and 75%relative humidity was the optimum humidity for its development.The development period gradually shortened with the increase of temperature under different temperature conditions,the longest development period was 63.3 d at 15℃,only 23.6 d at 30℃,and the development of generations could not be completed at 35℃.Female adults reproduced fastest and laid the highest number of eggs at 25℃,with a single female laying 112 eggs.The net value-added rate and perimeter growth rate firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature,indicating that both high and low temperature were not suitable for the increase of T.absoluta population,and 25℃was the optimum development temperature.

关 键 词：番茄潜叶蛾 相对湿度 温度 年龄-龄期两性生命表 生长发育 繁殖 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]