基于代谢酶活性与转录组学的油桐尺蛾寄主适应性分析  

Host adaptability analysis of Buzura suppressaria based on metabolic enzyme activity and transcriptomics

作　　者：陈聪 王思婷 都静怡 林俊宇 林秀吉 曹春雷 吉前华[1] CHEN Cong;WANG Si-Ting;DU Jing-Yi;LIN Jun-Yu;LIN Xiu-Ji;CAO Chun-Lei;JI Qian-Hua(Pomology Research Institute/College of Life Sciences,Zhaoqing University,Zhaoqing 526061,Guangdong Province,China;Zhaoqing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Zhaoqing 526061,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆学院,果树研究所/生命科学学院,广东肇庆526061 [2]肇庆市农林科学院,林业研究所,广东肇庆526040

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2024年第6期1473-1483,共11页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：广东省大学生创新创业训练计划(X202310580113);2023年肇庆市科技创新指导类项目(2023040308006);2023年肇庆学院校级科研基金资助项目(QN202331);国家现代农业产业技术体系肇庆综合试验站平台建设项目(202413004)。

摘　　要：桉树Eucalyptus spp.是世界三大速生丰产造林树种之一,是我国南方最重要的工业原料(纸浆)树种。油桐尺蛾Buzura suppressaria是桉树人工林的重大食叶害虫,严重影响桉树的正常生长,已造成巨大的经济损失。因此,本研究通过测定油桐尺蛾消化酶与解毒酶活性并进行转录组测序分析,探究油桐尺蛾对桉树的寄主适应性,旨在为防控该害虫提供理论基础。结果表明:油桐尺蛾取食桉树叶片胰蛋白酶、胰凝乳蛋白酶与淀粉酶等消化酶以及羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶以及细胞色素P450等解毒酶的酶活性在不同时序条件下均显著高于对照组。转录组测序分析发现处理组与对照组的差异表达基因共2003条,其中显著上调表达基因共1148条,显著下调表达基因855条,同时发掘获得与油桐尺蛾寄主适应相关的DEGs共1178条,涉及胰凝乳蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶、CarE、GST与P450等基因。消化酶与解毒酶及其相关DEGs在油桐尺蛾适应寄主桉树过程中发挥着重要的消化解毒代谢功能,本研究可为系统解析重大食叶害虫油桐尺蛾克服寄主桉树防御化学物质的暴发成灾机制提供了理论依据。Eucalyptus spp.is one of the world's three fast-growing and high-yielding afforestation tree species,and is the most important industrial raw material species in Southern China.Buzura suppressaria is a major defoliator pest of Eucalyptus plantations,seriously affecting the normal growth of Eucalyptus and causing huge economic losses.Therefore,this study aims to explore the host adaptation of B.suppressaria to Eucalyptus based on enzyme activity determination of digestive enzymes and detoxification enzymes combined with transcriptome sequencing analysis,with the goal of providing a theoretical basis for controlling this pest.The results showed that the enzyme activities of trypsin,chymotrypsin and amylase,as well as carboxylesterase,glutathione-S-transferase and cytochrome P450 in B.suppressaria for digesting Eucalyptus after feeding on Eucalyptus leaves under different times were significantly higher than those in the control group under different time sequences.Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed 2003 differentially expressed genes,of which 1148 genes were significantly up-regulated,855 genes were significantly down-regulated.At the same time,a total of 1178 genes related to host adaptation were discovered,involving trypsin,chymotrypsin,amylase,CarE,GST and P450 genes.The digestive enzymes and detoxification enzymes and their related DEGs play an important role in the digestive and detoxification metabolism of B.suppressaria during its adaptation to its host Eucalyptus.This study provides a theoretical basis for systematically elucidating the mechanism by which the major leaf-eating pest B.suppressaria overcomes the defensive chemical substances of the host eucalyptus and causes a catastrophic outbreak.

关 键 词：油桐尺蛾 桉树 消化酶 解毒酶 食叶害虫 寄主适应性 

分 类 号：Q963[生物学—昆虫学]