2000—2020年黄河流域不同植被类型时空变化特征及其影响因素  

2000-2020 spatiotemporal variations of different vegetation types in the Yellow River basin and influencing factors

作　　者：魏潇 张立峰 何毅 曹胜鹏 孙强 高秉海 WEI Xiao;ZHANG Lifeng;HE Yi;CAO Shengpeng;SUN Qiang;GAO Binghai(School of Surveying and Mapping and Geographic Information,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Geographic Monitoring Technology Application,Lanzhou 730070,China;Engineering Laboratory of Geographic Monitoring of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,兰州730070 [2]地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,兰州730070 [3]甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《自然资源遥感》2024年第4期229-241,共13页Remote Sensing for Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“祁连山小流域尺度植被变化监测及其预测方法”(编号:42161063);甘肃省黄河水环境重点实验室开放基金项目“黄河中上游小流域尺度植被变化监测及其预测研究”(编号:21YRWEK001)共同资助。

摘　　要：掌握黄河流域植被生长的时空变化特征及其影响因素,对生态环境的保护和发展有重要意义。然而,现有的研究缺少对黄河流域内最新时段不同植被类型时空特征分析及其与影响因子间关系的研究。为此,基于2000—2020年获取的MODIS NDVI时间序列遥感数据,利用趋势分析、相关分析、偏相关分析和残差分析法,挖掘黄河流域不同植被类型时空特征,厘清在年尺度和月尺度上受气温和降水的影响机制,同时探究人类活动对不同植被类型时空特征的影响。结果表明:①2000—2020年黄河流域不同植被NDVI总体均呈上升趋势,其中以耕地和林地的增长尤为突出;然而不同植被类型NDVI增长趋势随着海拔的升高呈现出不同的下降特征。②21 a来各植被类型在大部分区域呈现改善,但少部分区域呈现出退化,主要集中在草地和耕地区域。各植被类型未来变化趋势呈反持续性的区域占比较大。③气温和降水对黄河流域各植被的生长表现出促进作用,但各植被对降水的响应高于气温,并且其响应存在明显的时滞性,其中草地和灌木的生长对降水和气温的响应更为敏感。④人类活动对黄河流域的整体植被起到积极作用,但在草地和耕地类型中存在部分消极影响,应在未来规划中引起重视。2000—2020年黄河流域大部分植被呈改善状态,但部分草地和耕地呈退化趋势,应对典型退化区域进行保护。研究结果可为黄河流域内生态环境建设和经济发展提供科学数据和理论支撑。Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of vegetation growth in the Yellow River basin and their influencing factors is crucial for the conservation and development of the ecology.However,existing studies rarely focus on the latest spatiotemporal characteristics of different vegetation types in the basin and their relationships with their influencing factors.Using the 2000-2020 time series remote sensing data of MODIS normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),along with methods including trend analysis,correlation analysis,partial correlation analysis,and residual analysis,this study investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of various vegetation types in the Yellow River basin.Accordingly,this study clarified the mechanisms behind the impacts of temperature and precipitation on annual and monthly scales and explored the influence of human activities on the spatiotemporal characteristics of different vegetation types.The results indicate that from 2000 to 2020,the NDVI of different vegetation types in the Yellow River basin trended upward overall,particularly in cultivated land and forest land.However,the increasing trends trended downward at different degrees with increasing elevation.Over the 21 years,various vegetation types were improved in most areas in the basin.However,a few areas exhibited degraded vegetation types,primarily including grassland and cultivated land.The proportion of areas with anti-continuous future trends in various vegetation types notably increased.Temperature and precipitation produced positive impacts on the growth of various vegetation types in the Yellow River basin.Nevertheless,various vegetation types exhibited greater responses to precipitation than to temperature,and the responses featured notable time lags.Furthermore,grassland and shrub growth were more sensitive to precipitation and temperature.Human activities had positive impacts on the vegetation of the Yellow River basin overall.However,some negative effects were also observed in grassland and cultivated

关 键 词：植被类型 HURST指数 残差分析 遥感 黄河流域 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]