基于火焰幕热解窑的生物炭制备方法研究综述  

Review of Biochar Preparation Methods Based on Flame Curtain Pyrolysis Kilns

作　　者：廖承菌[1,2] LIAO Chengjun(Solar Energy Research Institute,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Vocational College of Agriculture,Kunming 650031,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学太阳能研究所,昆明650500 [2]云南农业职业技术学院,昆明650031

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第S02期85-88,共4页Materials Reports

基　　金：云南省教育厅科研基金(2021J1008)。

摘　　要：区别于高技术热解装置,火焰幕热解窑具有产量大、无烟、就地制备生物炭等优点,适用于农用规模的生物炭制备。然而,基于火焰幕热解窑的生物炭制备方法在很大程度上依赖于操作经验,很难形成统一的制备方法及评价标准。近年来,瑞士Ithaka研究所和该研究所负责人Hans Peter Schmidt教授公开了基于火焰幕土坑窑、铁窑的生物炭制备方法,为基于火焰幕热解窑的生物炭制备、研究和应用奠定了基础。本文总结了火焰幕热解窑的工作原理,介绍了火焰幕土坑窑、铁窑和自主设计砖窑的建造和生物炭制备方法,对比分析了土坑窑、铁窑和砖窑的优点、不足、适用条件和存在的问题。对土坑窑、铁窑和砖窑的具体应用、改进和完善进行了探讨和展望。The flame curtain pyrolysis kiln is suitable for biochar preparation on agricultural scale due to its advantages of high yield,smokeless and in-situ biochar preparation,compared to high-tech pyrolysis devices.However,the preparation method of biochar based on flame curtain pyrolysis kiln is largely dependent on operation experience,and it is difficult to form a unified preparation method and evaluation standard.In recent years,biochar preparation methods based on flame curtain soil pit kilns and iron kilns have been disclosed by Ithaka Institute in Switzerland and Professor Hans Peter Schmidt,the head of the institute,which has opened a new way for biochar preparation.In this review,the working principle of flame curtain pyrolysis kilns is summarized,the construction and biochar preparation methods of flame curtain soil pit kilns,iron kilns and independently designed brick kilns are introduced,and the advantages,disadvantages and application scenarios of the three kilns are summarized.The application,improvement and perfection of earth pit kiln,iron kiln and brick kiln are discussed and prospected.

关 键 词：火焰幕热解原理 生物炭 土坑窑 铁窑 砖窑 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]