钛合金回收料的表面酸洗工艺研究  

Research on Surface Pickling Process of Titanium Alloy Recycled Materials

作　　者：邱炜宸 赵军 刘时兵 史昆 王伟龙 宁兆生 李昕祺 QIU Weichen;ZHAO Jun;LIU Shibing;SHI Kun;WANG Weilong;NING Zhaosheng;LI Xinqi(National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies,China Academy of Machinery Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械总院集团沈阳铸造研究所有限公司,高端装备铸造技术全国重点实验室,沈阳110022

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第S02期390-394,共5页Materials Reports

摘　　要：目前,钛合金石墨硬模铸造所产生的浇道等钛合金回收料的表面存在较为严重的C、O等污染层,从而导致这些钛合金回收料的重复利用率较低,无法达到降本增效的目标。对钛合金石墨硬模铸造所产生的回收料进行了表面酸洗去除污染层的工艺研究,主要研究了酸洗配方、酸洗温度以及酸洗时间对钛合金回收料表面污染层的影响。通过表面粗糙度检测、表面硬度检测、表面成分分析以及SEM-EDS分析等方法对酸洗后钛合金回收料表面的组织、性能、化学成分、微观结构进行表征。研究结果表明,TC4回收料的最优酸洗工艺条件为300 mL/L的HNO_(3)、60 mL/L的HF、640 mL/L的H_(2)O酸洗配方和30℃酸洗温度以及6 min酸洗时间,其表面粗糙度为3.2145μm,表面硬度达到270 kg/mm^(2),钛合金回收料的表面和质量较为优异,整体达到了较好的酸洗效果。TC4回收料的表面污染层呈现出具有清晰轮廓的白色厚层组织形貌,其最大厚度约为14μm,在酸洗后,表面污染层可被有效脱除。酸洗对TC4回收料表面O、C有明显的脱除效果,并且TC4回收料在酸洗过程中存在较弱的吸氢行为,且高浓度HNO_(3)+HF复合酸的表面吸氢更为严重,但均未超过GJB 2896A-2007标准规定的150 ppm上限值。At present,there are serious C,O and other pollution layers on the surface of titanium alloy recycled materials such as runner generated by titanium alloy graphite hard mold casting,which leads to low reuse rate of these titanium alloy recycled materials,and can not achieve the goal of reducing cost and increasing efficiency.This work investigated the process of surface pickling to remove contamination layer from recycled materials produced by titanium alloy graphite hard mold casting.The main research focused on the effects of pickling formula,pickling temperature,and pickling time on the surface contamination layer of titanium alloy recycled materials.The organizational performance,chemical composition and microstructure of recycled titanium alloy after pickling were characterized by surface roughness detection,surface hardness detection,surface composition analysis and SEM-EDS analysis.The research results indicate that the optimal pickling process conditions for TC4 recycled materials are 300 mL/L HNO_(3),60 mL/L HF,and 640 mL/L H_(2)O pickling formula,30℃pickling temperature,and 6 min pickling time.The surface roughness is 3.2145μm,and the surface hardness reaches 270 kg/mm^(2).The surface and quality of the titanium alloy recycled material are relatively excellent,and the overall pickling effect is good.The surface pollution layer of TC4 recycled material presents a white thick layer microstructure with clear contours,with a maximum thickness of about 14μm.After pickling,the surface pollution layer can be effectively removed.Pickling has a significant removal effect on the surface O and C of TC4 recycled materials,and TC4 recycled materials exhibit weak hydrogen absorption behavior during the pickling process.Moreover,the surface hydrogen absorption of high concentration HNO_(3)+HF composite acids is more severe,but none of them exceed the upper limit of 150 ppm specified in GJB 2896A-2007 standard.

关 键 词：钛合金 石墨硬模铸造 回收料 酸洗工艺 表面污染层 

分 类 号：TG146.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]