开阖枢理论及其在藏象学说中的运用  

Theory of“opening-closing-pivoting”and its application in theory of visceral manifestations

作　　者：孙维新 李吉磊 姜伟艳 朱泠霏 刘欣妍 王婉懿 薛元 张声生[1] SUN Weixin;LI Jilei;JIANG Weiyan;ZHU Lingfei;LIU Xinyan;WANG Wanyi;XUE Yuan;ZHANG Shengsheng(Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京中医医院,北京100010

出　　处：《北京中医药》2024年第11期1305-1309,共5页Beijing Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：“开阖枢”理论出自《素问·阴阳离合论篇》。从空间角度来看,开阖为天地相离、相合的过程,枢则为开阖之始与归,对开阖同时有约束、促进作用。从时间角度来看,开阖枢是阴阳二气各自的生长收藏趋势变化。将开阖枢理论应用于具体的藏象学说中,十二脏腑依其三阴三阳属性可分别归属为阴分、阳分之开阖枢,形成“开阖两两相配”与“阴枢自配、阳枢自配”的生理功能协同框架,即肝、肺协同,脾、心包协同,大肠、膀胱协同,胃、小肠协同,心、肾协同,胆、三焦协同,共计6种协同关系。The theory of the“opening-closing-pivoting”comes from Plain Questions:The Theory of the Integration-Separation between Yin and Yang.From a spatial perspective,“opening”and“closing”are the process of integration and separation for heaven and earth,and the“pivoting”is the beginning and ending of opening and closing,which has not only restraining but also facilitating effect on opening and closing.From a temporal perspective,the opening-closing-pivoting reflects the change in the growth and collection trend of the qi of yin and yang.Applying the theory of opening-closing-pivoting to the specific theory of visceral manifestations,the twelve zang-fu organs,according to their attributes of three yin and three yang,can be categorized into the opening-closing-pivoting of yin and yang.This forms a synergistic framework of physiological functions known as“pairwise opening and closing”and“self-matching of yin and yang pivoting”which includes six synergistic relationships:the liver and lung,the spleen and pericardium,the large intestine and bladder,the stomach and small intestine,the heart and kidney,and the gallbladder and triple energizer.

关 键 词：开阖枢 三阴三阳 天地 四时 藏象学说 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论]