语境研究的进路、困境与出路——从“认知”到“生态”  

The Approach,Dilemma,and Way Out of Contextual Research—From"Cognition"to"Ecology"

作　　者：李小红 LI Xiaohong(School of Marxism,Guangdong Polytechnic of Water Resources and Electric Engineering,Guangzhou Guangdong,510925,China;School of Marxism,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou Guangdong,510275,China)

机构地区：[1]广东水利电力职业技术学院马克思主义学院,广东广州510925 [2]中山大学马克思主义学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2024年第30期15-20,共6页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

基　　金：2023年度广东省高校思想政治教育课题“语境认知视角下意识形态认同的生成机制和提升路径研究”(项目编号:2023GXSZ140)的阶段性研究成果;2023年度广东省高校思政课区域协同创新中心(广轻工)暨广东省高职高专院校思想政治理论课建设联盟课题“‘认知语境’视角下思想政治教育话语力提升路径研究”(项目编号:GDSZXT-202302)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：语言学语境研究经历了三重进路,即语言语境研究、情境语境研究和认知语境研究。认知语境研究作为语境研究的新近发展,核心观点是视语境为心理建构体。以范·戴克为代表的认知语境学者,建构了理解话语的语境认知模型,认为语境是社会情景与话语生产关系的中间环节。自范·戴克以来,认知语境理论因其自身难以克服的挑战正陷于困境。该文在梳理语言学语境研究进路的基础上,重点探讨认知语境面临的挑战和困境,并试图对语境研究的出路提出解决方案。语境研究从“解释框架”向“话语生态”的转变,可视为一种范式变革,它为语境研究开辟了新的内容、理论基础和研究方法,对语境研究走出困境做出了积极尝试。The study of linguistic context has gone through three approaches,namely linguistic context research,situational context research,and cognitive context research.As a recent development in context research,the core viewpoint of cognitive context research is to view context as a psychological construct.Cognitive context scholars represented by van Dijk have constructed a contextual cognitive model for understanding discourse,believing that context is an intermediate link in the relationship between social situations and discourse.Since van Dijk,cognitive context theory has been struggling due to its own insurmountable challenges.On the basis of sorting out the research approach of linguistic context,this article will focus on exploring the challenges and difficulties faced by cognitive context,and at the end of the article,attempt to propose solutions for the way out of context research.The transformation of contextual research from an"explanatory framework"to a"discourse ecology"can be seen as a paradigm shift,which has opened up new content,theoretical foundations,and research methods for contextual research and made positive attempts to overcome its difficulties.

关 键 词：语境 语言语境 情境语境 认知语境 语境认知 话语生态 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]