江南运河流域吴江段农业景观演变特征及驱动机制  

Characteristics and Driving Mechanisms of Agricultural Landscape Evolution in Wujiang Section of Jiangnan Canal Basin

作　　者：张琳[1] 苗晏凯 黄松[2] ZHANG Lin;MIAO Yankai;HUANG Song(College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP),Tongji University;School of Humanities,Tongji University)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]同济大学人文学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第12期49-56,共8页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“宜居城乡地方性景观生态规划理论及方法”(编号52130804);国家自然科学基金面上项目“传统村落景观感受机制与旅游激励规划模式”(编号51878460)。

摘　　要：【目的】随着城镇化的快速推进,江南运河流域农业景观特有的塘浦格局和水乡风貌受到冲击,呈现出异质性、无序性、被动性。梳理江南运河流域农业景观变迁特征、解析其生成机制,是保护并传承乡土景观、协调城乡融合发展的重要依据。【方法】以具有代表性的江苏省苏州市吴江区为例,运用ArcGIS空间分析与历史舆图回溯等方法,分析江南运河流域吴江段不同历史时期的农业景观格局演变。【结果】总结提炼了运河流域农业景观的互构性、延续性、层次性特征;发现运河水系主导、产业变迁、城镇化割裂、水利建设等是影响农业景观变迁的主要驱动因素。【结论】江南运河流域吴江段农业景观变迁体现了生产、生活、生态相互适应,地景、文化、经济相互融合的乡土农耕景观构筑智慧。农业景观变迁特征的提取为保护传承乡土景观提供了方向指引,而驱动机制的梳理可以找到协调城乡融合发展的关键影响要素,未来研究可在驱动因素的分类与量化分析方面补充更多农业景观地域类型的案例,为城乡融合高质量发展,乡村振兴下的农业景观保护传承和适宜性规划提供更多理论支撑与科学路径。[Objective]The agricultural landscape within the canal basin represents a fusion of natural and cultural elements shaped by centuries of agricultural activity.With significant social,cultural,and environmental values,such agricultural landscape has contributed to sustainable agricultural production,water management,and cultural heritage preservation.The Jiangnan water network area has long been one of China’s most prosperous areas.Its unique resources,shaped by historical development,have given rise to valuable examples of agricultural heritage.Over thousands of years,continuous development in this area has fostered a distinctive local landscape,notably the polder field characteristic of canal basins.Jiangnan’s agricultural development stands as one of the most distinctive agricultural development paradigms in China.However,rapid urbanization has led to increased heterogeneity,disorder,and passivity in local agricultural landscape,threatening the unique patterns of pond field and water town emblematic of the Jiangnan Canal Basin.Understanding how urbanization has influenced these landscape changes and analyzing underlying driving mechanisms are crucial for preserving local heritage while promoting balanced urban-rural integration.[Methods]Taking Wujiang District in Suzhou,a representative area with the aforesaid agricultural landscape,as an example,this research employs ArcGIS spatial analysis to process and analyze remote sensing images of the area.Local land use is categorized into three main types:Town(impermeable surfaces),farmland(arable land),and water system(water body,ice,and wetland).By comparing land use classification maps from different periods,the research reviews land use transitions among towns,water systems,and farmlands,highlighting the evolution characteristics of agricultural landscape in Wujiang Section of Jiangnan Canal Basin across historical stages.Historical maps and data are also utilized to analyze the spatial patterns of agricultural landscape and land partitioning in Wujiang Distri

关 键 词：风景园林 农业景观 江南运河 产业变迁 水利建设 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] TU982.29