北京中心城区京秦铁路沿线景观动态感知测度  

Dynamic Perception of Landscape Along Beijing−Qinhuangdao Railway in the Central Urban Area of Beijing

作　　者：蒙小英[1] 张子菡 陈雨清 MENG Xiaoying;ZHANG Zihan;CHEN Yuqing(School of Architecture and Design,Beijing Jiaotong University)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学建筑与艺术学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第12期105-112,共8页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“城区铁路交通廊道绿地响应生态系统文化服务功能的空间支持体系及评价研究——以北京为例”(编号52078026)。

摘　　要：【目的】目前铁路沿线景观研究缺少乘客视角下对真实场景的感知研究。【方法】以北京城区段京秦铁路沿线景观为研究对象,以铁路线上正常运营的普速列车乘客为被试者,使用眼动仪、智能穿戴耳夹传感器获取被试者在行驶列车内的生理指标,利用ErgoLAB人机环境同步平台作为数据收集、刺激呈现与数据分析系统,结合SPSS统计软件对指标进行相关性分析,探究影响乘客感知体验的景观特征及景观要素种类。【结果】1)铁路沿线景观中,与自然要素相比,人工要素吸引力更强。各景观要素之间的注视持续时长的排序为:建筑>植物>道路>铁路。2)天空开阔度、天际线丰富度正向影响人们的机体活跃程度。3)含有水体的场景与植物层次丰富的组团对视线的吸引力较大。4)在连续性的景观中,乘客的视觉容易被特殊景观节点或视觉要素复杂的景观画面所吸引。【结论】建议将北京中心城区铁路沿线景观纳入城市眺望景观治理。进一步提升乘客对京秦铁路沿线景观的动态感知体验,首要关注的是铁路沿线建筑的视觉吸引力,尤其是车站、站区景观等特殊节点;其次是突出重点区域的城市天际线,以及植物界面的丰富度。[Objective]Landscapes along the railway in urban center are important for measuring the perception of cityscape by passengers,which may provide an opportunity for passengers to get to know a city and its culture.Since 2021 in Beijing,the comprehensive improvement of landscape along the railway corridors featuring the integration of safe driving and environmental improvement has been carried out under the background of creating the“most beautiful first impression for people initially entering Beijing”.Despite the increased landscape governance along the railway in Beijing in recent years,the research on landscape along the railway lacks the perception of real scenes from the perspective of passengers.[Methods]This research applies ErgoLAB(Human–Machine–Environment Synchronization Cloud Platform)for data collection,stimulus presentation and data analysis.Passengers on moving train with regular speed are tested while they watch outside from window landscape along the Beijing–Qinhuangdao Railway in the central urban area of Beijing.Eye tracker and wearable ear clip sensors are used to obtain the physiological indicators of passengers taking the train.SPSS is adopted to correlate the aforesaid indicators in combination with ErgoLAB data,and landscape characters and types of landscape elements that affect passengers’perceptual experience is explored.[Results]Through analyzing the correlation between landscape characters,eye movement indicator and heart rate indicator,the research mainly obtains the following findings.1)Artificial elements are more attractive than natural ones.The sequence of fixation duration among all landscape elements is listed as follows:Building>plant>road>railway.In addition,the sequence of people’s attention to architecture from high to low is listed as follows:Public buildings along the water>public buildings with varied skylines>antique style buildings>campus buildings>railway buildings>residential buildings>bungalows.As for the indicators of the first fixation duration and avera

关 键 词：京秦铁路 铁路沿线景观 景观感知 眼动追踪 心率指标 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]