知情状态下醒悟标记“要不说”的熔合脱落  

The Fusion Drop of The Awakening Marker“Yaobu shuo(要不说)”in Knowledge Status

作　　者：张淯虹 ZHANG Yu-hong(Language Institute,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第12期112-116,共5页Journal of Qiqihar University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：“要不说”是醒悟类语用标记,简称“醒悟标记”,在认知上能标示听说双方的知情状态。“要不说”的知情状态关涉甲、乙两个因果事件,传递新旧信息,并能反映言者对听者知情状态的主观预测。这种知情状态反映了双方存在信息的知情差距,赋予了醒悟产生空间,决定“要不说”必须用于因果致使关系、保证交际的在场性及话序的后置性特征,句法上表现为依附性、游移性及信据性,情态上表达心理预期和共情反馈。“要不说”的演成经历了一个双小句熔合脱落的过程,双小句紧缩后,经反问语气的脱落形成醒悟单句,随后出现组块化和一体化倾向,实现醒悟标记的演成。“Yao bu shuo(要不说)”is a pragmatic marker for awakening,abbreviated as“awareness marker”,which can indicate knowledge status of both listeners and speakers.The knowledge status of“Yao bu shuo”involves two causal events A and B,conveying new and old information,and can reflect the speaker’s subjective prediction of the listener’s knowledge status.This knowledge status reflects the knowledge gap between the two parties,and gives space for awakening.“Yao bu shuo”must be used for the causal relationship,to ensure the presence of communication and the post-order characteristics of the word order,syntactically manifested as dependence,mobility and credibility,expressed psychological expectations and empathy feedback in modality.The performance of“Yao bu shuo”has undergone a process of fusion of double clauses.After the double clauses are contracted,the awakening single sentence is formed after the rhetorical tone falls off,and then there is a tendency to block and integrate,realizing the evolution of the awakening marker.

关 键 词：“要不说” 醒悟标记 知情状态 知情差距 熔合脱落 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]