自动驾驶出行服务的公众关切与研究展望--兼评“萝卜快跑”世界最大规模无人驾驶商业化运营  

Chinese public attitudes to and research prospects of autonomous mobility services——Comment on the world’s largest“Apollo Go”experiment

作　　者：齐航 王光超 张运胜 段宏磊 桑金燕 秦端 贺正冰 QI Hang;WANG Guangchao;ZHANG Yunsheng;DUAN Honglei;SANG Jinyan;QIN Duan;HE Zhengbing(Interdisciplinary Research Institute in New Finance and Economics(School of Digital Economics),Hubei University of Economics,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Information Management,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;School of Business Administration,Hubei University of Economics,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Law,Hubei University of Economics,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Statistics and Mathematics,Hubei University of Economics,Wuhan 430205,China;Psychology Department,Durham University,Durham DH13DE,UK;Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems,Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge 2139-4307,USA)

机构地区：[1]湖北经济学院,新财经交叉学科研究院(数字经济学院),武汉430205 [2]华中师范大学,信息管理学院,武汉430079 [3]湖北经济学院,工商管理学院,武汉430205 [4]湖北经济学院,法学院,武汉430205 [5]湖北经济学院,统计与数学学院,武汉430205 [6]杜伦大学,理学院,英国杜伦DH13DE [7]麻省理工学院,信息与决策系统实验室,美国剑桥2139-4307

出　　处：《交通运输工程与信息学报》2024年第4期1-12,共12页Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72101085,72201091);中国博士后科学基金项目(2022M722355);山东省哲学社会科学基金项目(21CFXJ06);湖北省教育厅科研计划项目(Q20222205);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目。

摘　　要：基于社交媒体评论分析公众态度已经成为一种新兴的数据驱动研究方法,本文初步探索一种以舆情分析驱动科学研究的思路。2024年5月起,百度旗下的“萝卜快跑”自动驾驶出行服务平台在中国武汉开展世界上最大规模的全无人商业化运营,并因一起轻微交通事故在社交媒体上引发了舆情。首先,本文概述了“萝卜快跑”在武汉的商业化实践进程。随后,借助百度指数平台分析了公众对于“萝卜快跑”“无人驾驶”“无人驾驶出租车”关注度的演化。接着,通过对新浪微博和抖音社交媒体上的1809条热门评论开展词云分析和主题建模分析,挖掘出了公众关注的四个热点主题:技术进步、服务体验、市场竞争以及经济社会影响。最后,根据公众关切,从自动驾驶的社会兼容性提升、出行服务市场结构与政府规制、就业变革与社会保障制度、法律框架与地方立法探索四个方面提出了研究方向建议。本文结果有助于政府和学界及时了解中国公众对于自动驾驶出行服务的态度和关注点,主动谋划研究方向以响应社会需求,促进技术创新的同时主动防范风险,尽快塑造适应新质生产力发展的社会认知和外部环境,助力我国在全球自动驾驶出行服务领域的国际竞争中掌握主动权。Online public sentiment through social media has emerged as a data-driven research method.This study explores an approach to promoting scientific research through public-opinion analysis.Baidu’s“Apollo Go”was launched as the world’s largest fully driverless commercial operation in Wuhan,China,which sparked intense social-media discussion after a minor traffic incident on July 7th.First,this paper outlines the commercialization process of the“Apollo Go”platform in Wuhan.Subsequently,using the Baidu Index,we analyze the evolution of public attention toward“Apollo Go autonomous driving”and“robotaxis.”Subsequently,we conducted a word-cloud analysis and topic modelling on 1809 popular comments from Sina Weibo and TikTok,from which we identified four key themes of public concern:technological advancement,service experience,socioeconomic impact,and market competition.Finally,based on these concerns,we propose research directions for improving the societal compatibility of autonomous driving,the structure of the ride-hailing market and government regulations,employment transformation and social security systems,legal frameworks,and local legislation.The findings will help academics understand Chinese public attitudes toward autonomous ride-hailing services and provide guidance for shaping research agendas corresponding to societal demands,promoting technological innovation,and facilitate proactive risk management.Consequently,the development of a conducive social environment for new productivity drivers will be supported,thereby enhancing China’s competitive position in the global autonomous mobility service sector.

关 键 词：智能交通 自动驾驶网约车 网络舆情 文本挖掘 就业替代 新质生产力 

分 类 号：F572[经济管理—产业经济]