基因多态性在全身麻醉药物中的研究进展  

Progress in research of genetic polymorphism in general anesthesia drugs

作　　者：于敏 李亚龙 胡晓霞[3] 马玉龙 刘欣跃[2] Yu Min;Li Yalong;Hu Xiaoxia;Ma Yulong;Liu Xinyue(Department of Anesthesiology,The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China;The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China Laboratory Medicine Center,The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China;Department of Special Internal Medicine,The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第二医院麻醉科,甘肃兰州730030 [2]兰州大学第二医院检验医学中心,甘肃兰州730030 [3]兰州大学第二医院特需内科,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（医学版）》2024年第11期69-78,94,共11页Journal of Lanzhou University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(23JRRA1619)。

摘　　要：药物在体内的代谢过程涉及多种蛋白质,如代谢酶、转运蛋白质和受体等,这些蛋白质的合成受到基因的控制。药物基因组学是研究基因和基因功能变化如何影响药代动力学和药效学的学科,基因多态性通过影响药物代谢酶、受体蛋白编码基因的多态性改变药物代谢速度及药理效应。麻醉药物作为调节神经系统功能的药物,在个体差异方面存在明显不同,这可能是个体临床特征和遗传因素共同造成的。本文对近年来基因多态性在全身麻醉药物中的研究进行回顾和总结,以期有助于临床麻醉精准用药的实施,提高药物疗效,减轻药物副作用。The metabolic process of drugs in the body involves various proteins,such as metabolic enzymes,transport proteins and receptors,and the synthesis of these proteins is controlled by genes.Pharmacogenomics is a discipline studying how changes in gene function affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.Gene polymorphism affects the metabolism rate and pharmacological effects by affecting the polymorphism of genes's encoding drug metabolism enzymes and receptor proteins.Anesthetic drugs,as ones regulating the function of the nervous system,show significant differences in individuals,which may be due to a combination of individual clinical characteristics and genetic factors.This review provided a summary of recent research on genetic polymorphism in general anesthetic drugs,aiming at contributing to the implementation of precision anesthesia in clinical practice,enhancing drug efficacy and reducing adverse drug reactions.

关 键 词：麻醉药 基因多态性 静脉麻醉药 吸入麻醉药 阿片类药物 肌松药 

分 类 号：R971.2[医药卫生—药品]