将生态系统服务权衡纳入南四湖流域水环境管理的研究  

Incorporating Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs into Water Environment Management Research in the Nansihu Lake Basin

作　　者：胡欣琪 王国强 苏洁 王红旗[2] 宋永会[4] 朱宜[2] 王海华[1] HU Xinqi;WANG Guoqiang;SU Jie;WANG Hongqi;SONG Yonghui;ZHU Yi;WANG Haihua(Geoscience Documentation Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100083,China;College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局地学文献中心,北京100083 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [4]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第12期2722-2732,共11页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国地质调查项目“自然资源情报跟踪与研究”(No.DD20221794);黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目(No.2022-YRUC-01-050204);国家自然科学基金项目(No.52470214)。

摘　　要：生态系统服务是维持与影响流域水环境的重要因素,促进生态系统服务之间的积极协同,避免消极权衡,对于流域水环境管理和可持续发展具有重要意义。针对南四湖流域水环境的突出问题,以流域农业经济与水环境可持续发展为目标,量化评估了2005-2020年流域关键生态系统服务(作物供给、畜禽供给、水产供给、产水量、水质净化、土壤保持)的时空特征,并综合运用相关性分析和偏最小二乘回归方法,探讨了生态系统服务间的权衡关系,识别了流域水质净化服务的关键驱动因素,并基于K-means空间聚类方法进行流域生态功能分区。结果表明:①作物供给服务的高值区主要集中在流域西部的平原地区,而产水量和土壤侵蚀的高值区,以及总氮输出的低值区则主要分布在流域东部的山地丘陵地区。②南四湖流域作物供给与水质净化服务为显著的权衡关系。③农作物播种面积、农业机械总动力和化肥施用量是影响流域水质净化服务的关键驱动因素。④流域可划分为3个生态功能分区,即农产品主产区、生态涵养区和水质安全区,各分区对于农业发展和生态保护的侧重各有所不同。针对南四湖流域作物供给服务与水质净化服务间的显著权衡关系,亟需加强利益相关部门的协作,衔接主体功能区划与生态环境分区管控,实施经济与水环境可持续发展的空间规划。通过优化调控各分区种植规模、结构及施肥方式等,可以在提升流域经济效益的同时减少氮输出,协调生态系统服务的权衡关系,为流域水环境综合管理和可持续发展提供决策支持。Ecosystem services play a crucial role in maintaining and influencing the water environment within a basin.Promoting positive synergies between ecosystem services and avoiding negative trade-offs are of significant importance for watershed water environment management and sustainable development.To address the significant water environment issues in the Nansi Lake Basin,and with the goal of achieving sustainable development of agricultural economy and water environment of the basin,the spatiotemporal characteristics of multiple ecosystem services(crop supply,livestock supply,aquatic supply,water yield,water purification,soil conservation)from 2005 to 2020 were quantitatively evaluated.The study utilized correlation analysis,Structural Equation Modeling,and Partial least squares regression to investigate the trade-off relationship between ecosystem services and identify the key drivers influencing water purification services in the watershed.Additionally,ecological function zoning of the watershed was conducted using the k-means spatial clustering method.The results revealed that:(1)The high-value areas of crop production were mainly distributed in the western plain area of the watershed,while the high-value areas of water yield and soil erosion,as well as the low-value areas of nutrient export were in the eastern hilly area of the watershed.(2)Trade-offs between crop supply service and water purification services were significant in the Nansihu Lake basin.(3)Sown crop area,total agricultural machinery power,and fertilizer application were the key drivers of water purification services in the watershed.(4)The watershed can be divided into three ecological function zones:the main agricultural production zone,the ecological conservation zone and the water quality safety zone,while the focus on agricultural development and ecological protection should be different in each zone.In view of the significant trade-offs between crop supply services and water purification in the Nansihu Lake Basin,it is urgent to strengthen

关 键 词：生态系统服务 水环境 权衡关系 驱动因素 南四湖流域 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]