基于量子行走的量子指定验证者签名方案  

Quantum designated verifier signature scheme based on quantum walk

作　　者：娄小平 范洲 戈启越 LOU Xiaoping;FAN Zhou;GE Qiyue(College of Computer Science and Engineering,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学信息科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《量子电子学报》2024年第6期942-955,共14页Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2024JJ5273,2023JJ50328);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22A0049,22B0699);湖南省大学生创新创业训练项目(S202210542182)。

摘　　要：鉴于现有的量子指定验证者签名方案需要提前制备纠缠资源,存在被攻击的风险,本工作基于量子行走原理设计了一种新的量子指定验证者签名方案。新协议应用完全图上的两个硬币量子行走系统,实现了量子密钥生成和签名信息的传输。在信任中心的帮助下,新方案无需共享预密钥和纠缠态,签名者和指定验证者共享量子行走生成的密钥。在签名阶段中,签名者使用密钥对消息做受控酉运算进行加密,生成的签名通过隐形传态发送给指定验证者进行验证,保证了消息的完整性和来源的正确性。进一步通过示例的理论推导和IBM量子云平台上的模拟实验,验证了方案的正确性。最终的安全性分析表明,此方案满足指定验证性、不可伪造性、不可传递性和签名隐匿性,且在纠缠攻击和截获重发攻击下也是安全的。Given that the existing quantum designated verifier signature schemes require the preparation of entanglement resources in advance and pose a risk of being attacked,a new quantum designated verifier signature scheme is designed in this work based on the quantum walk principle.The new protocol uses two coins quantum walking system on the complete graph,achieving quantum key generation and transmission of signature information.With the help of the trust center,the key generated by quantum walk is shared between the signer and the designated verifier in the new scheme,without the require to share the pre-keys and the entangled states.In the signature phase,the signer encrypts the message by using a key to perform controlled unitary operations,and the generated signature is sent to a designated verifier through quantum teleportation for verification,ensuring the integrity of the message and the correctness of the source.Furthermore,through the theoretical derivation of the examples and the simulation experiments on IBM quantum cloud platform, the correctness of the designed scheme isverified. The final security analysis shows that this scheme not only meets the requirements of designatedverification, unforgeability, non-transferability and hiding source, but also is secure under entanglementattacks and intercept-and-resend attacks.

关 键 词：量子光学 量子行走 量子隐形传态 指定验证者签名 IBM量子云平台 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程] TN918.1[理学—光学]