2018-2022年丰县蚊虫密度与季节消长监测分析  

Surveillance of mosquito density and seasonal fluctuation from 2018 to 2022 in Fengxian

作　　者：韩红芳 HAN Hongfang(Fengxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fengxian 221700,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]丰县疾病预防控制中心,江苏丰县221000

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第9期685-687,共3页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的分析丰县2018—2022年蚊虫密度及季节消长规律,为丰县的蚊虫及蚊媒传染病防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集整理丰县2018—2022年采用诱蚊灯法监测的蚊密度数据,分析蚊种构成、种群密度及季节消长趋势。应用SPSS 22.0软件,分别采用χ^(2)检验、Welch方差分析比较蚊种构成比、不同生境蚊密度。结果2018—2022年丰县蚊虫总密度为0.98只(/灯·h),优势蚊种为淡色库蚊,占88.79%。在不同的监测生境中,牲畜棚平均蚊密度最高,达1.74只(/灯·h);居民区蚊密度最低,为0.39只(/灯·h),不同生境蚊密度差异有统计学意义(F=4822.704,P<0.001)。不同生境蚊种构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=326.973,P<0.001),淡色库蚊在各类生境均为优势蚊种。2018—2022年蚊密度季节消长变化均表现为单峰型。2019—2022年每年7月达到密度峰值,而2018年蚊密度峰值出现在8月。结论丰县蚊密度总体处于较低水平,淡色库蚊为优势种,牲畜棚蚊密度最高,7月为蚊虫活动高峰期。今后的工作中应重点关注牲畜棚生境,在蚊虫活动高峰期采取有效措施降低蚊密度。Objective The density and seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes in Fengxian during 2018-2022 were ana⁃lyzed to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquitoes and mosquito⁃borne infectious diseases.Meth⁃ods Adult mosquito density data,monitored through the lamp trapping method in Fengxian from 2018 to 2022,were collect⁃ed.The species composition,population density,and seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes were analyzed.The mosquito species composition ratio was compared with the chi⁃squared test.The mosquito density in various habitats was analyzed with Welch’s analysis of variance in SPSS 22.0 software.Results From 2018 to 2022,the mosquito density in Fengxian was 0.98 mosqui⁃toes/(lamp∙h),and Culex pipiens pallens(88.79%)was the dominant species.Among habitats,the mean mosquito density was highest in livestock sheds(1.74 mosquitoes/(lamp∙h))and lowest in residential areas(0.39 mosquitoes/(lamp∙h)).A sta⁃tistically significant difference in mosquito density was observed among habitats(F=4822.704,P<0.001).Culex pipiens pal⁃lens was the dominant mosquito species in various habitats.A statistically significant difference was observed in the composi⁃tion ratio of mosquito species in different habitats(χ2=326.973,P<0.001).The seasonal fluctuation in mosquito density in Fengxian showed a unimodal curve in each year between 2018 and 2022,with peaks occurring in July in 2019 to 2022,and in August in 2018.Conclusions The overall mosquito density in Fengxian was relatively low,Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant species,the highest mosquito density was observed in livestock sheds,and July was the peak mosquito activity period.In future work,special attention should be paid to the habitat of livestock sheds,and effective measures should be tak⁃en to decrease mosquito density during the peak mosquito activity period.

关 键 词：蚊媒 监测 库蚊属 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]