天线方向图精密测量方法定量化对比研究  

Comparative Study of Precision Measurement Methods for Antenna Radiation Pattern

作　　者：李华军 魏平 孟东林[2] 王维龙[2] LI Huajun;WEI Pin;MENG Donglin;WANG Weilong(Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group)Co.,Ltd,Chengdu,Sichuan 610073,China;National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,四川成都610073 [2]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《计量学报》2024年第11期1724-1732,共9页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFF0600204)。

摘　　要：在微波遥感和深空探测等领域,人们期待能够获得精准的天线方向图以便通过反演可见度函数得到待观测目标的真实结果。因此,急需获得不同方向图测量方法的测量误差数值大小。从计量学角度,分别通过精密测量技术和仿真技术进行了定量化对比研究。标准增益喇叭天线的精密实测数据表明,在远场法、平面近场法和球面近场法中:1)球面近场法所得零深效果最好,远场法最差,平面近场法介于二者之间;2)平面近场法的有效角度范围位于±60°,超过该范围,截断误差急剧增大至无效;3)远场法在角度范围±80°以外出现明显波纹。另一项试验结果表明,球面近场法与紧缩场法的吻合效果更好,但前者所得曲线更光滑。对于线性阵列天线,通过仿真技术进行了量化对比分析。该定量化研究结果可供挑选天线测量系统种类和提升方向图测量水平。In areas such as microwave remote sensing and deep space exploration,it is expected that accurate antenna radiation patterns can be obtained in order to acquire realistic observations by inverting the visibility function.Therefore,there is an urgent demand of quantitative measurement error from different methods to measure radiation patterns.From the perspective of metrology,quantitative studies by comparing between precision measurements and simulations are conducted.The precise measured data for the standard gain horn antenna show that among far-field method,planar near-field method and spherical near-field method,the conclusions can be drawn:1)the spherical near-field method has the best zero-depth effect,the far-field method is the worst,and the planar near-field method is in between the two.2)The effective angular range of the plane near-field method is located within±60°,beyond this range,the truncation error increases sharply and becomes invalid.3)the far-field method shows obvious ripple outside the angular range±80°.Another comparison shows that the spherical near-field method and the compact field method have a better agreement effect,but the curves from the former are smoother.For linear array antennas,the simulated technology is used to study comparatively the accuracy of the three near-field methods.The quantitative research results can be a guide to select the right antenna measurement system and improve the accuracy of radiation pattern measurement.

关 键 词：无线电计量 天线方向图 球面近场 平面近场 柱面近场 远场法 紧缩场法 

分 类 号：TB973[一般工业技术—计量学]