论哄抬价格违法行为的认定  

On the Recognition of Price Manipulation

作　　者：段宏磊 Duan Honglei

机构地区：[1]湖北经济学院法学院

出　　处：《财经法学》2024年第6期92-107,共16页Law and Economy

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“我国突发事件应对时期紧急价格干预法律制度的运行与改进研究”(22CFX007)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：哄抬价格行为的认定标准在我国经历了从信息干扰型到囤积居奇型,再到显著涨价型的规范嬗变;实践中则表现出重政策应急、轻常态治理,以及重稳价、轻保供的执法规律。对哄抬价格的规制已异化为严格禁止涨价的政策工具,这涉嫌滥用行政权力和扰乱市场价格规律。应对涨价情势进行类型化判断,以此实现哄抬价格规制定位的重塑:常态情势下的涨价是供求规律的自然反应,对其规制应主要诉诸竞争法与消费者保护法;非常态情势下的涨价可诉诸价格法予以规制,但也要为正当范围内的适度涨价构筑“安全港”。我国哄抬价格行为的认定标准应进行如下改进:一是要以非常时期为情势要件,豁免常态情形下的哄抬价格认定;二是要以民生物资为对象要件,豁免对一般商品的认定;三是要以不正当诱导涨价或无理由过度涨价为尺度要件,避免哄抬价格执法干预过度。The criteria for identifying price manipulation behavior in China have undergone a normative transformation from information interference to hoarding,and then to significant price increases.In practice,it shows a law enforcement pattern of prioritizing emergency response over normal governance,as well as prioritizing stable prices over ensuring supply.The regulation of price manipulation has been transformed into a policy tool that strictly prohibits price increases,which is suspected of abusing administrative power and disrupting market price patterns.To reshape the regulatory positioning of price manipulation,it is necessary to classify the situation of price hikes.Price hikes under normal circumstances are a natural response to supply and demand laws,and regulation should mainly rely on competition law and consumer law.Only price increases under abnormal circumstances can be regulated by the Price Law,but it is also necessary to build a“safe harbor”for moderate price increases within a legitimate range.The criteria for determining the behavior of price manipulation in our country should be improved as follows.Firstly,the extraordinary period should be taken as the situational element,and the determination of price manipulation under normal circumstances should be exempted.Secondly,it is necessary to focus on people s livelihood materials and exempt the recognition of general commodities.Thirdly,it is necessary to use improper inducement of price increases or unreasonable excessive price increases as a behavior criterion to avoid excessive law enforcement intervention in price manipulation.

关 键 词：哄抬价格 《价格法》 涨价 价格管制 供求关系 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]