枫香树幼苗对干旱与淹水胁迫的适应性研究  

Research on Adaptation of Liquidambar Formosana Hance.Seedlings to Drought and Waterlogging Stress

作　　者：裴云霞 戴渺鸿 唐潇潇 倪天虹 周忠诚[4] 杜克兵[1] PEI Yunxia;DAI Miaohong;TANG Xiaoxiao;NI Tianhong;ZHOU Zhongcheng;DU Kebing(College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Academy of ecological and Environmental Sciences(Provincial Ecological and Environmental Engineering Evaluation Center),Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Forestry Survey and Planning Institute,Wuhan 430079,China;Department of Ecological Environment,Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College,Wuhan 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [2]湖北省生态环境科学研究院(省生态环境工程评估中心),武汉430070 [3]湖北省林业调查规划院,武汉430079 [4]湖北生态工程职业技术学院生态环境学院,武汉430200

出　　处：《湖北民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期573-581,共9页Journal of Hubei Minzu University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目(鄂[2022]TG08号)。

摘　　要：为深入了解枫香树(Liquidambar formosana Hance.)对淹水与干旱胁迫的适应性,以其幼苗为对象,设置正常浇水(对照)、淹水(淹水15 d后排水恢复3 d)和干旱(干旱15 d后复水恢复3 d)3种处理,测定其在不同处理下的表型、生长量、光合能力以及生理特性的变化。结果表明,与正常浇水植株相比,淹水植株的茎基部皮孔膨大,根冠比显著降低,生物量与叶片表型变化不明显;叶片气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数、丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)含量、可溶性糖(soluble sugar,SS)含量、脯氨酸(proline,Pro)含量、相对膜渗透率(relative membrane permeability,RMP)、绝对含水量(absolute water content,AWC)、叶绿素含量、根系活力等指标仅呈现小幅波动;实验结束时植株全部存活,植株受害程度不严重。可见,枫香树具有较强的抗涝性。在干旱胁迫下,植株叶片逐渐萎蔫脱落,苗高和地径生长减缓,生物量明显降低;干旱15 d时,叶片气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数、MDA、SS、Pro含量、RMP、AWC、叶绿素含量、根系活力等指标出现大幅变化,与对照呈现显著差异;实验结束时,植株全部死亡,说明15 d的干旱胁迫严重影响其生长活力。该研究可为枫香树栽培和造林地选择提供参考。In order to further understand the adaptation of Liquidambar formosana Hance.to flooding and drought stresses,its seedlings were subjected to three treatments:normal watering(control check),waterlogging stress(partial submergence for 15 days and drainage recovery for 3 days)and drought stress(drought treatment for 15 days and rewatering for 3 days).The changes of phenotype,growth,photosynthetic capacity and physiological characteristics were measured under waterlogging and drought stress.The results showed that compared to the watered plants,the waterlogged plants exhibited hypertrophied lenticels at the base of stem and significantly decreased root-shoot ratio,while the biomass and leaf phenotype did not change significantly.Slight fluctuations were observed in the indexes of leaf gas exchange,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,malonaldehyde(MDA)content,soluble sugar(SS)content,proline(Pro)content,relative membrane permeability(RMP),absolute water content(AWC),chlorophyll contents and root metabolites.All plants survived until the end of the experiment,indicating a mild damage.In summary,Liquidambar formosana Hance.was a waterlogging-resistant tree species.Under drought stress,seedling height and root-collar diameter growth slowed down,and the biomass decreased significantly,coupled with slowly growth of leaves and wilting.On the 15th day,substantial changes occurred in the indexes of leaf gas exchange,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,MDA,SS,Pro,RMP,AWC,chlorophyll contents and root metabolites,and differed significantly with the watered plants.At the end of the experiment,all plants died.That meant 15 days drought seriously affected its growth activity.The results of this study can provide a reference for the cultivation and forestland selection of Liquidambar formosana Hance..

关 键 词：枫香树 干旱胁迫 淹水胁迫 抗旱性 抗涝性 非生物逆境 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学] S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]