中国区域电离层实时建模与分析  

Real-time modeling and analysis of ionosphere in the China region

作　　者：段博文 白征东[1] 陈巧云 DUAN Bowen;BAI Zhengdong;CHEN Qiaoyun(Department of Civil Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学土木工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《测绘工程》2025年第1期22-29,38,共9页Engineering of Surveying and Mapping

摘　　要：电离层延迟是全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)中的一个主要误差来源。为了改正电离层误差,一些GNSS应用如单频精密单点定位(PPP)和非差非组合PPP依赖于全球电离层模型(GIM)产品。然而,目前可用GIM产品的发布时间存在延迟,不适用于实时GNSS应用。为了解决这个问题,文中提出一种基于卡尔曼滤波(KF)的实时电离层建模方法,并基于中国区域116个连续运行参考站(CORS)的观测数据,生成中国区域的实时区域电离层模型(RT-RIM)。此外,由于伪距差分码偏差(DCB)与电离层延迟存在强耦合关系,还对BDS-2/3、GPS和Galileo系统的DCB进行估计。结果统计分析表明,模型输出的垂直总电子含量(VTEC)与中国科学院(CAS)的最终GIM产品一致性较好,二者差异的RMS小于2 TECU;将VTEC投影为斜向总电子含量(STEC)后,与PPP估计结果偏差的RMS在0.2~0.8 m;模型输出的卫星DCB与CAS快速产品的偏差RMS小于0.8 ns,以上结果表明本文模型具有较好的精度,能够精细描述中国区域电离层VTEC的时空变化。Ionospheric delay is a major source of error in Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS).To correct for ionospheric errors,some GNSS applications such as single-frequencyprecise point positioning(PPP)and un-differenced uncombined PPP rely on Global Ionosphere Map(GIM)products.However,the release time of currently available GIM products is delayed,making them unsuitable for real-time GNSS applications.To address this issue,this paper proposes a real-time VTEC modeling method based on Kalman filtering,and generates a real-time regional ionosphere map(RT-RIM)for China based on observational data from 116 continuously operating reference stations.In addition,due to the strong coupling relationship between pseudorange differential code bias(DCB)and ionospheric delay,this paper also estimates the DCB of BDS-2/3,GPS,and Galileo systems.Statistical analysis results show that the Vertical Total Electron Content(VTEC)output by the model is in good consistency with the final GIM product of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),with the RMS of their differences less than 2 TECU.After projecting VTEC into Slant Total Electron Content(STEC),the RMS of the deviation from the PPP estimation results is between 0.2 m and 0.8 m.The RMS of the deviation of the satellite DCB output by the model from the CAS rapid products is less than 0.8 ns.All these results indicate that the model proposed in this paper has good accuracy and can finely describe the spatiotemporal changes of ionospheric VTEC in the China region.

关 键 词：电离层延迟 全球卫星导航系统 全球电离层模型 区域电离层模型 差分码偏差 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]