超临界二氧化碳布雷顿循环系统关键参数对循环效率的影响研究  

Study on the Influence of Key Parameters of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle System on Cycle Efficiency

作　　者：郭瑞阳 杨红义[1] 庄毅[1] 肖常志[1] 乔鹏瑞 齐少璞 GUO Ruiyang;YANG Hongyi;ZHUANG Yi;XIAO Changzhi;QIAO Pengrui;QI Shaopu(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《核科学与工程》2024年第5期1018-1029,共12页Nuclear Science and Engineering

摘　　要：超临界二氧化碳(S-CO_(2))布雷顿循环具有热能利用率高、结构紧凑、布置简单等优点,耦合反应堆容易实现集成化,适用于小型模块堆的研发。本文建立了简单回热、分流再压缩、再热再压缩及间冷再压缩循环的4种循环布局模型,针对设备等熵效率采用了一种无量纲效率计算方法,计算了不同设备尺寸和工作压比下的设备效率,深入分析了压缩机和涡轮机入口参数及其效率随工况改变对系统循环效率的影响。结果表明:4种循环布局针对不同工况变化趋势相似。其中,主压缩机和涡轮机入口焓值、中间压缩机入口压力及再热涡轮机入口压力都存在对应循环效率最高的最佳值;以分流再压缩循环为例给出了不同功率等级及不同系统最高温度下循环效率随系统压比的变化,并与采用恒定设备效率计算结果进行对比,其结果能更全面客观的反应S-CO_(2)布雷顿循环的特征。The supercritical carbon dioxide(S-CO_(2))Brayton cycle has the advantages of high thermal energy utilization,compact structure and simple layout.Coupled with reactor,it is easy to achieve integration and miniaturization,and is suitable for the development of small modular reactors.As the key devices in the cycle system,the selection of turbomachinery inlet parameters and its own efficiency greatly affects the efficiency of the overall cycle,especially the changes in device efficiency after miniaturization further affect the cycle efficiency.In order to study the influence of device parameter selection on the efficiency of the system cycle,the thermodynamic model was established for four types of S-CO_(2)Brayton cycles:the Simple Brayton Cycle,the Recompression Brayton Cycle,the Reheat-Recompression Baryton Cycle and Intercooling Recompression Brayton Cycle.The effects of key parameters on cycle efficiency were analyzed in depth,such as the inlet enthalpy value of the main compressor and turbine,and inter-compressor inlet pressure and reheat pressure.The impact of changes in device efficiency under different operating conditions and power levels on the efficiency of the overall cycle are also studied in this paper.The results show that the four cycle layouts have similar trends in parameter changes under different operating conditions,with the Reheat-Recompression Brayton Cycle having the highest efficiency,followed by the Intercooling Recompression Brayton Cycle,the Recompression Brayton Cycle,and the Simple Brayton Cycle.Among them,the inlet temperature and pressure of the main compressor should be slightly higher than the CO_(2)critical point to reduce compressor power consumption.The turbine inlet temperature is limited by the outlet temperature of the core circuit,and exist an optimal value for its inlet pressure to achieve the highest cycle efficiency.The inlet pressure of the intermediate compressor and the inlet pressure of the reheat turbine also exist the corresponding optimal values for the highest cyc

关 键 词：超临界二氧化碳 布雷顿循环 设备参数 循环效率 

分 类 号：TL33[核科学技术—核技术及应用]