秆龄结构调控和施肥对甜龙竹笋用林竹笋产量的影响  

Effects of Fertiliser Application and Structural Control on Bamboo Shoot Yield of Dendrocalamus brandisii Bamboo Shoot Forests

作　　者：杨忠健 董春霞 李翱翔 赵一鹤 YANG Zhongjian;DONG Chunxia;LI Aoxiang;ZHAO Yihe(College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;Institute of Environmental Remediation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;College of Materials and Chemical,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201 [3]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,云南昆明650224 [4]西南林业大学材料与化学工程学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2024年第6期53-58,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：建设面向南亚东南亚科技创新中心专项——云南省中柬竹资源开发利用国际联合研发中心(202403AP140020);云南省景谷县林业和草原技术推广中心云南省赵一鹤专家基层科研工作站;云南省新平县林业科技推广站赵一鹤专家基层科研工作站。

摘　　要：为研究秆龄结构调控和施肥对甜龙竹笋用林竹笋产量的影响,以种植2 a的甜龙竹笋用林为研究对象,设置了1 a生、2 a生、1 a生与2 a生混交(比例3︰2)等不同秆龄结构试验;并设置尿素、氮磷钾复合肥、牛粪、沼液等不同肥料对比试验,分析上述处理对甜龙竹笋用林竹笋产量(发笋数、笋地径、单个笋重、总产笋量)的影响。结果显示:(1)秆龄结构为1 a生与2 a生混交(比例3︰2)时,竹笋产量最高,产量高达6187.5 kg·hm^(-2),秆龄结构调控对甜龙竹笋用林竹笋产量影响大小排序分别为:1 a生与2 a生混交(比例3︰2)>2 a生>1 a生;(2)施肥对甜龙竹笋用林竹笋产量影响大小排序分别为:沼液每丛25 kg>复合肥每丛1.5 kg>牛粪每丛8 kg>尿素每丛0.2 kg>对照组不施肥。通过以上技术措施处理,提高了甜龙竹笋用林竹笋产量,研究结果为甜龙竹笋用林提质增效以及管护措施提供一定的理论基础和参考依据。In order to study the effect of culm age structure regulation and fertilisation on bamboo shoot yield in Dendrocalamus brandisii bamboo shoot forests.A 2 year old shoot forest planted with D.brandisii bamboo was used for the study.Different culm age structure trials such as 1 year old,2 year old and 1year old and 2 year old(ratio 3︰2)were set up;It also set up comparative trials of different fertilisers such as urea,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium compound fertilisers,cow dung and biogas.To analyse the effects of the above treatments on bamboo shoot yield(number of shoots,shoot diameter,individual shoot weight,total shoot yield)in D.brandisii bamboo shoot forests.The results show:(1)when the culm age structure is 1 year old and 2 year old(ratio 3︰2),bamboo shoots are the most productive,yielding up to 6187.5 kg·hm^(-2).The order of magnitude of the effect of culm age structure modification on bamboo shoot yield in the bamboo shoot forests of D.brandisii was:1 year old and 2 year old(ratio 3︰2)>2 year old>1 year old,respectively.(2)The effect of fertiliser application on bamboo shoot yield in the shoot forest of D.brandisii bamboo one clump in the order of magnitude was:Biogas 25 kg>Compost 1.5 kg>Cow dung 8 kg>Urea 0.2 kg>Control group without fertiliser.Through the above technical measures,the bamboo shoot yield of D.brandisii bamboo shoot forest was increased and the shoot production cycle was prolonged.The results of the study provide a theoretical basis and reference for the improvement of the quality and efficiency of the bamboo shoot forest and the management measures of the D.brandisii bamboo shoot forests.

关 键 词：甜龙竹 笋用林 施肥 秆龄结构 产笋量 

分 类 号：S795.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]